Among the most striking phenomena in the history of the Reformation in the Low Countries are the Protestant open-air sermons of the summer of 1566. These sermons, held in fields, woods, marshlands or other open spaces beyond the city limits, were attended by hundreds or even thousands of men and women from all social groups, eager for reform. This essay discusses the geographical proliferation, organization and characteristics of the field sermons, which can be seen as an early example of the spatial accommodation of religious division in early modern Europe. It also argues that these sermons had a profound impact on urban communities, because civic authorities were faced with the challenge of controlling the flow of people and information, especially at the city gates. Moreover, field sermons had an impact on urban space at large, as sermon-goers claimed their place in town through a range of spontaneous and ritualized acts that reinforced their goal of obtaining a site of worship within the city walls.

中文翻译：

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实地讲道：城市空间与乡村之间低地国家的大众改革


在低地国家宗教改革史上，最引人注目的现象之一是 1566 年夏天的新教露天布道。这些布道在田野、树林、沼泽地或城市以外的其他空地举行，有来自各个社会群体的成百上千的男人和女人参加，他们渴望改革。本文讨论了田野布道的地理扩散、组织和特征，可以看作是近代早期欧洲宗教分裂空间容纳的早期例子。它还认为，这些布道对城市社区产生了深远的影响，因为公民当局面临着控制人员和信息流动的挑战，尤其是在城门口。此外，田野布道对整个城市空间产生了影响，因为布道者通过一系列自发和仪式化的行为来宣称自己在城里的位置，这些行为强化了他们在城墙内获得礼拜场所的目标。