BACKGROUNDThe potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea operculella, is an economically important pest of potato crops worldwide. So far, the application of chemical pesticides is the major measure to manage PTM, but it induces serious deleterious impacts on the environment and human health. Here, we screened the entomopathogenic fungi that are lethal to PTM, and tested their sublethal impacts on PTM development, mortality, and reproduction as well as that of ectoparasitic mite Pyemotes zhonghuajia, a natural enemy of PTM.RESULTSAmong 13 tested entomopathogenic fungal strains in three genera, Beauveria Vuillemin, Cordyceps Fries, and Talaromyces Benjamin, Cordyceps fumosorosea (strain KY1136) and Beauveria bassiana (strain KY1115) caused a significantly higher mortality in PTM eggs, larvae, and pupae. Median lethal concentration (LC50) of both strains prolonged PTM immature development, shortened adult longevity, and reduced fecundity and life table parameters in terms of intrinsic rate of increase (rm), net reproductive rate (R0), and finite rate of increase (λ). The LC50 value of KY1136 (1.9 × 106 spores/mL) was lower than that of KY1115 (9.0 × 106 spores/mL), indicating the greater potential for biological control of PTM by KY1136. Both strains had no significant impact on P. zhonghuajia survival and reproduction. Increasing P. zhonghuajia density reduced PTM feeding and pupation rate, while the combined application of P. zhonghuajia and entomopathogenic fungi had no additional effect in inhabiting PTM feeding and pupation.CONCLUSIONEntomopathogenic fungal strains Cordyceps fumosorosea KY1136 and Beauveria bassiana KY1115 are the potential biological control agents of PTM, but do not impose a negative impact on the natural enemy. Our study provides insights into the integrated pest management of PTM by combining the entomopathogenic fungi and an ectoparasitic mite. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

中文翻译：

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使用昆虫病原真菌和体外寄生螨的贮藏中马铃薯块茎蛾的可持续管理


背景马铃薯块茎蛾 （PTM），Phthorimaea operculella，是全世界马铃薯作物中具有重要经济意义的害虫。到目前为止，化学农药的使用是管理 PTM 的主要措施，但它对环境和人类健康造成了严重的有害影响。在这里，我们筛选了对 PTM 致死的昆虫病原真菌，并测试了它们对 PTM 发育、死亡率和繁殖以及 PTM 的天敌体外寄生螨 Pyemotes zhonghuajia 的亚致死影响。结果Among 13 测试了三个属的昆虫病原真菌菌株，即 Beauveria Vuillemin、Cordyceps Fries 和 Talaromyces Benjamin、Cordyceps fumosorosea （菌株 KY1136） 和 Beauveria bassiana （菌株 KY1115） 导致 PTM 卵、幼虫和蛹的死亡率显着升高。两种菌株的中位致死浓度 （LC50） 延长了 PTM 未成熟发育，缩短了成虫寿命，并在内在增长率 （rm）、净繁殖率 （R0） 和有限增长率 （λ） 方面降低了繁殖力和寿命表参数。KY1136 的 LC50 值 （1.9 × 106 个孢子/mL） 低于 KY1115 的 9.0 × 106 个孢子/mL），表明 KY1136 对 PTM 的生物防治潜力更大。两种菌株对中华家松的生存和繁殖均无显著影响。增加中华家蚜蓿密度降低了 PTM 取食和化蛹率，而中华菩萨和昆虫病原真菌的联合应用对 PTM 取食和化蛹没有额外影响。结论病原真菌菌株冬虫夏草 KY1136 和波孢白僵菌 KY1115 是 PTM 的潜在生物防治剂，但不会对天敌产生负面影响。 我们的研究通过结合昆虫病原真菌和体外寄生螨，为 PTM 的综合害虫管理提供了见解。© 2024 化工学会.