Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is emerging as a sustainable approach for producing green hydrogen. The design of efficient photoanodes is the key for the step forward technological application in which morphology optimization and defect engineering play central roles. In this perspective, the intricate interplay between morphology optimization, band engineering and chemical modifications is critically discussed. First, a brief introduction of the relevant aspects of semiconductors applied in PEC devices is provided. Then, a critical analysis of the influence of morphology and chemical modifications is presented, with hematite employed as a model system. Lastly, insights into future directions and outlooks for existing challenges on the development of photoelectrochemical devices for water splitting are displayed.

中文翻译：

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重新审视提高赤铁矿光阳极水光电解性能的策略


光电化学 （PEC） 水分解正在成为生产绿色氢气的可持续方法。高效光阳极的设计是技术应用向前发展的关键，其中形态优化和缺陷工程起着核心作用。从这个角度来看，批判性地讨论了形态优化、条带工程和化学修饰之间错综复杂的相互作用。首先，简要介绍了应用于 PEC 器件的半导体的相关方面。然后，以赤铁矿作为模型系统，对形态和化学修饰的影响进行了批判性分析。最后，对未来发展方向和对水分解光电化学器件发展现有挑战的展望进行了展望。