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An optoelectronic microwave synthesizer with frequency tunability and low phase noise
Nature Electronics ( IF 33.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-11 , DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01294-x
Igor Kudelin, Pedram Shirmohammadi, William Groman, Samin Hanifi, Megan L. Kelleher, Dahyeon Lee, Takuma Nakamura, Charles A. McLemore, Alexander Lind, Dylan Meyer, Junwu Bai, Joe C. Campbell, Steven M. Bowers, Franklyn Quinlan, Scott A. Diddams

Communication, navigation and radar systems rely on frequency-tunable and low-noise microwave sources. Compared to electronic microwave synthesizers, photonic systems that leverage high spectral purity lasers and optical frequency combs can generate microwaves with exceptionally low phase noise. However, photonic approaches lack frequency tunability and have substantial size, weight and power requirements, which limit wider application. Here we address these shortcomings with a hybrid optoelectronic approach that combines simplified optical frequency division with direct digital synthesis to produce tunable low-phase-noise microwaves across the entire X-band (8–12 GHz). This resulted in phase noise at 10 GHz of −156 dBc Hz−1 at 10 kHz offset and fractional frequency instability of 1 × 10−13 at 0.1 s. Spot-tuning away from 10 GHz by ±500 MHz, ±1 GHz or ±2 GHz yielded phase noise at 10 kHz offset of −150, −146 and −140 dBc Hz−1, respectively. Our synthesizer architecture is compatible with integrated photonic implementations and, thus, could be integrated in a chip-scale package.



中文翻译:


一种具有频率可调性和低相位噪声的光电微波合成器



通信、导航和雷达系统依赖于可调谐频率的低噪声微波源。与电子微波合成器相比,利用高光谱纯度激光器和光频梳的光子系统可以产生具有极低相位噪声的微波。然而,光子方法缺乏频率可调性,并且具有很大的尺寸、重量和功率要求,这限制了更广泛的应用。在这里,我们通过混合光电方法解决了这些缺点,该方法将简化的光分频与直接数字合成相结合,以在整个 X 波段 (8–12 GHz) 上产生可调谐的低相位噪声微波。这导致 10 GHz 时的相位噪声为 −156 dBc Hz-1(10 kHz 偏移),分数频率不稳定性为 1 × 10−13(0.1 秒)。在 ±500 MHz、±1 GHz 或 ±2 GHz 范围内对 10 GHz 进行点调谐,在 10 kHz 偏置处产生的相位噪声分别为 −150、−146 和 −140 dBc Hz−1。我们的 synthesizer 架构与集成的光子实现兼容,因此可以集成到芯片级封装中。

更新日期:2024-12-11
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