Pollination is a crucial ecosystem service, yet pollinator species diversity is declining as a result of factors such as climate change, habitat loss and agricultural intensification. While previous studies have often examined the extreme scenario of complete pollinator removal, showing negative impacts on plant reproductive success, we take a more realistic approach by focusing on the effects of decreasing pollinator diversity. Our global meta-analysis reveals a notable negative impact of reduced pollinator species diversity on plant reproductive success measures, such as seed set, fruit set and fruit weight. Notably, this effect varies across plant families, impacting both self-incompatible and self-compatible species. We also find that wild plant species suffer more than cultivated ones. Furthermore, the loss of invertebrate, nocturnal and wild pollinators has a more substantial impact than the loss of vertebrate, diurnal or managed pollinators. Overall, our findings consistently underscore the positive role of biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem functioning, highlighting the urgency of mitigating factors that lead to the decline in pollinator species diversity.

授粉是一项重要的生态系统服务，但由于气候变化、栖息地丧失和农业集约化等因素，传粉媒介物种的多样性正在下降。虽然以前的研究经常检查完全去除传粉媒介的极端情况，显示出对植物繁殖成功的负面影响，但我们采取了更现实的方法，关注传粉媒介多样性减少的影响。我们的全球荟萃分析揭示了授粉媒介物种多样性减少对植物繁殖成功指标的显着负面影响，例如坐实率、坐果率和果实重量。值得注意的是，这种影响因植物科而异，影响自交不合和自交物种。我们还发现，野生植物物种比栽培植物物种遭受的损失更大。此外，无脊椎动物、夜间和野生授粉媒介的丧失比脊椎动物、昼夜或受管理的授粉媒介的丧失具有更重大的影响。总体而言，我们的研究结果始终强调生物多样性在维持生态系统功能方面的积极作用，突出了导致传粉媒介物种多样性下降的缓解因素的紧迫性。