Glioblastoma is a highly malignant brain tumor with poor prognosis and low survival rates, largely due to limited effective diagnostic methods. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), a recognized gasotransmitter and disease biomarker, plays a crucial role in brain glioma. However, the fluctuation patterns of H₂S during glioblastoma progression remain unclear. Real-time NIR fluorescence imaging of H₂S in living organisms is essential for timely diagnosis and effective management of brain glioma. In this study, we introduce NIR-Lys-H₂S, a NIR fluorescent probe specifically designed to target lysosomal H₂S. The probe reacts rapidly to H₂S (within 3 min), has a low detection limit (86.1 nM), exhibits a significant Stokes shift (110 nm), and demonstrates high lysosome-targeting capability. Additionally, NIR-Lys-H₂S has proven effective in monitoring H₂S levels in live U87 glioma cells via biological imaging and 3D tumor spheroid penetration tests. The probe also effectively tracks H₂S fluctuations during starvation-induced autophagy and distinguishes cancerous cells from normal cells through H₂S imaging. Notably, NIR-Lys-H₂S enables in vivo real-time NIR imaging of H₂S in U87 glioma-bearing mice, providing essential insights for early glioma detection.

中文翻译：

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溶酶体特异性近红外荧光探针，具有大斯托克斯位移，用于 U87 细胞和脑胶质瘤小鼠的 H2S 成像


胶质母细胞瘤是一种高度恶性脑肿瘤，预后不良，生存率低，主要是由于有效的诊断方法有限。硫化氢 （H₂S） 是一种公认的气体递质和疾病生物标志物，在脑胶质瘤中起着至关重要的作用。然而，胶质母细胞瘤进展过程中 H₂S 的波动模式仍不清楚。生物体中 H₂S 的实时 NIR 荧光成像对于脑胶质瘤的及时诊断和有效管理至关重要。在这项研究中，我们介绍了 NIR-Lys-H₂S，这是一种专门设计用于靶向溶酶体 H₂S 的 NIR 荧光探针。该探针对 H₂S 反应迅速（在 3 分钟内），具有低检测限 （86.1 nM），表现出显著的斯托克斯位移 （110 nm），并表现出高溶酶体靶向能力。此外，NIR-Lys-H₂S 已被证明可通过生物成像和 3D 肿瘤球状体渗透测试有效监测活 U87 神经胶质瘤细胞中的 H₂S 水平。该探针还可以有效追踪饥饿诱导自噬过程中的 H₂S 波动，并通过 H₂S 成像区分癌细胞和正常细胞。值得注意的是，NIR-Lys-H₂S 能够对 U87 荷胶质瘤小鼠的 H₂S 进行体内实时 NIR 成像，为早期胶质瘤检测提供重要见解。