In this study, we report a novel approach for synthesizing tin telluride (SnTe) nanostructures using a hot injection method with water as the solvent, a significant departure from traditional organic solvents. This water-based synthesis not only aligns with green chemistry principles but also offers superior control over nucleation and growth, leading to SnTe nanostructures with well-defined morphologies and sizes. These nanostructures were thoroughly characterized, confirming their crystal structure, surface composition, and morphology. Electrochemical three-electrode supercapacitive testing revealed that the SnTe-based supercapacitors exhibit a specific capacitance of 602 F g⁻¹ with excellent rate capability and a capacitance retention of 89% after 5000 cycles. Furthermore, we developed a flexible all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitor with SnTe nanoparticles and PVA–NaClO₄ gel polymer electrolyte, which achieved an energy density of 17.8 Wh kg⁻¹ and a power density of up to 3.1 kW kg⁻¹, surpassing previously reported SnTe-based devices. Additionally, the supercapacitor demonstrated excellent cycling stability, retaining 96.56% of its initial capacitance after 5000 charge–discharge cycles at 4 A g⁻¹ with a coulombic efficiency of 95.76%. This research demonstrates the potential of SnTe as a high-performance electrode material for supercapacitors and underscores the significance of our novel, environmentally friendly synthesis approach in advancing energy storage technologies.

中文翻译：

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无配体热注入 SnTe 纳米颗粒：实现柔性对称超级电容器的一种经济高效的途径


在这项研究中，我们报道了一种使用以水为溶剂的热注射法合成碲化锡 （SnTe） 纳米结构的新方法，与传统有机溶剂有很大不同。这种水基合成不仅符合绿色化学原理，而且对成核和生长具有卓越的控制，从而产生具有明确形态和尺寸的 SnTe 纳米结构。这些纳米结构被彻底表征，证实了它们的晶体结构、表面组成和形态。电化学三电极超电容测试表明，基于 SnTe 的超级电容器表现出 602 F ^g-1 的比电容，具有出色的倍率能力，在 5000 次循环后电容保持率为 89%。此外，我们开发了一种具有 SnTe 纳米颗粒和 PVA-NaClO₄ 凝胶聚合物电解质的柔性全固态对称超级电容器，其能量密度为 17.8 Wh ^kg-1 和高达 3.1 kW ^kg-1 的功率密度，超过了以前报道的基于 SnTe 的器件。此外，超级电容器表现出优异的循环稳定性，在 4 A ^g-1 下进行 5000 次充放电循环后，仍保持 96.56% 的初始电容，库仑效率为 95.76%。这项研究证明了 SnTe 作为超级电容器高性能电极材料的潜力，并强调了我们新颖、环保的合成方法在推进储能技术方面的重要性。