This study is concerned with rigid-body responses and elastic motion of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) under combined wave, current and wind loads. A numerical approach is developed in frequency domain based on the linear diffraction theory with a Green function for small current speeds and the blade-element momentum method for hydrodynamic and aerodynamic analysis, respectively. This approach is coupled with the finite-element method to obtain the hydro- and aeroelastic motion of FOWTs. The interaction of combined wave–current–wind with three FOWTs, namely SPAR, semisubmersible and barge, is considered. Rigid-body responses of the three FOWTs to waves and wind are compared to those when current loads are present. Furthermore, the effect of current speed and misalignment of incident waves with current-wind on the motion of the FOWTs is investigated. Discussion is provided on the importance of considering wave–current interaction together with aerodynamic loads on the responses of the considered FOWTs. It is observed that the motion of the SPAR FOWT to combined waves and wind changes the most when the current loads are added. Finally, the effect of wave–current-wind interaction on the elastic motion of flexible FOWTs is investigated and compared with their rigid-body counterparts.

中文翻译：

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波浪-电流-风与弹性浮动海上风力涡轮机的相互作用


本研究关注浮式海上风力涡轮机 （FOWT） 在波浪、电流和风力联合载荷下的刚体响应和弹性运动。基于线性衍射理论，针对小电流速度采用格林函数，分别采用叶片元件动量法进行流体动力学和空气动力学分析，建立了一种频域数值方法。这种方法与有限元方法相结合，以获得 FOWT 的流体和气动弹性运动。考虑了波-流-风与三种 FOWT（即 SPAR、半潜式和驳船）的相互作用。将三个 FOWT 对波浪和风的刚体响应与存在电流载荷时的响应进行了比较。此外，研究了流速和入射波与洋流风的错位对 FOWT 运动的影响。讨论了考虑波-流相互作用以及空气动力学载荷对所考虑的 FOWT 响应的重要性。据观察，当增加电流载荷时，SPAR FOWT 对波浪和风的组合运动变化最大。最后，研究了波-流-风相互作用对柔性 FOWTs 弹性运动的影响，并与它们的刚体 FOWT 进行了比较。