Due to the strong light trapping ability, good biocompatibility, and easily regulated molecular structure, conjugated polymers are becoming a promising tool for phototheranostics of tumors, which can achieve both precise diagnosis and efficient therapeutics. Of particular interest is conjugated polymer-based theranostic agents applying to the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window (1000–1700 nm), which exhibit great potential for clinical applications on account of the extremely long wavelength. Herein, the basic mechanism, advances in recent 6 years, and perspectives of conjugated polymer for NIR-II phototheranostics toward tumor are discussed successively. First, the basic mechanisms of the most widely employed modalities for conjugated polymer-based NIR-II phototheranostics are presented. In view of the heat generation property of conjugated polymer under photoexcitation, the most widely employed modalities for conjugated polymer-based NIR-II phototheranostics are fluorescence imaging (FLI)-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI)-guided PTT. Then, the recent related advances of NIR-II FLI-guided NIR-II PTT technology, NIR-II PAI-guided NIR-II PTT technology, and multimodel theranostics are introduced. Finally, the perspectives for the development of conjugated polymer-based NIR-II phototheranostics is illustrated for the practical application of simultaneously diagnosis and in situ therapy for tumor.

中文翻译：

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用于肿瘤 NIR-II 光疗诊断学的共轭聚合物


由于共轭聚合物具有较强的光捕获能力、良好的生物相容性和易于调控的分子结构，正在成为一种很有前途的肿瘤光疗诊断工具，可以实现精准诊断和高效治疗。特别令人感兴趣的是应用于第二个近红外 （NIR-II） 窗口 （1000-1700 nm） 的基于共轭聚合物的治疗诊断剂，由于波长极长，它在临床应用中表现出巨大的潜力。本文先后讨论了 NIR-II 光疗诊断学的基本机制、近 6 年的进展以及共轭聚合物对肿瘤的展望。首先，介绍了基于共轭聚合物的 NIR-II 光疗诊断学最广泛使用的模式的基本机制。鉴于共轭聚合物在光激发下的产热特性，基于共轭聚合物的 NIR-II 光疗诊断学最广泛采用的方式是荧光成像 （FLI） 引导的光热疗法 （PTT） 和光声成像 （PAI） 引导的 PTT。然后，介绍了 NIR-II FLI 引导的 NIR-II PTT 技术、NIR-II PAI 引导的 NIR-II PTT 技术和多模型治疗诊断学的最新相关进展。最后，阐述了基于共轭聚合物的 NIR-II 光疗诊断学的发展前景，以用于肿瘤同步诊断和原位治疗的实际应用。