This study presents an innovative approach to the sputtering of 316 stainless steel on nickel foam (SS/NF) for use as an electrode in supercapacitors. A range of spectral and analytic techniques verified the structure of the electrode as SS/NF. Scanning electron microscope images revealed the presence of three-dimensional nanopyramid-shaped SS structures on the NF. Water contact angle measurements of 11.5° indicated a hydrophilic surface conducive to the movement of electrolyte ions during electrochemical reactions. The performance of the SS/NF electrode within a supercapacitor was assessed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements as well as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis. In a 3-electrode system, the 3D SS/NF electrode achieved specific capacitance of 365 F/g under a scan rate of 5 mV/s. When implemented in an asymmetric supercapacitor, the SS/NF//Activated carbon device exhibited energy density of 10.3 Wh/kg, which corresponds to power density of 343.3 W/kg. This study provides a practical and secure approach to the fabrication of alloy-based electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors.

中文翻译：

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纳米金字塔不锈钢溅射在泡沫镍上作为超级电容器的柔性电极


本研究提出了一种在泡沫镍 （SS/NF） 上溅射 316 不锈钢用作超级电容器电极的创新方法。一系列光谱和分析技术验证了电极的结构为 SS/NF。扫描电子显微镜图像显示 NF 上存在三维纳米金字塔形 SS 结构。11.5° 的水接触角测量值表明，亲水表面有利于电解质离子在电化学反应过程中的运动。使用循环伏安法 （CV） 和恒流充放电测量以及电化学阻抗谱分析评估超级电容器内 SS/NF 电极的性能。在 3 电极系统中，3D SS/NF 电极在 5 mV/s 的扫描速率下实现了 365 F/g 的比电容。当在不对称超级电容器中实施时，SS/NF//活性炭器件的能量密度为 10.3 Wh/kg，相当于 343.3 W/kg 的功率密度。本研究为制造用于高性能超级电容器的合金基电极提供了一种实用且安全的方法。