Background

DNA topoisomerases (TOPs) are essential components in a diverse range of biological processes including DNA replication, transcription and genome integrity. Although the functions and mechanisms of TOPs, particularly type I TOP (TOP1s), have been extensively studied in bacteria, yeast and animals, researches on these proteins in plants have only recently commenced.

Aim of Review

In this review, the function and mechanism studies of TOP1s in plants and the structural biology of plant TOP1 are presented, providing readers with a comprehensive understanding of the current research status of this essential enzyme.The future research directions for exploring the working mechanism of plant TOP1s is also discussed.

Key Scientific Concepts of Review

Over the past decade, it has been discovered TOP1s play a vital role in multiphasic processes of plant development, such as maintaining meristem activity, gametogenesis, flowering time, gravitropic response and so on. Plant TOP1s affects gene transcription by modulating chromatin status, including chromatin accessibility, DNA/RNA structure, and nucleosome positioning. However, the function and mechanism of this vital enzyme is poorly summarized although it has been systematically summarized in other species. This review summarized the research progresses of plant TOP1s according to the diverse functions and working mechanism in different tissues.

中文翻译：

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不仅顶部：I 型拓扑异构酶在植物的多个组织和器官发育中发挥作用

 背景

DNA 拓扑异构酶 （TOPs） 是各种生物过程（包括 DNA 复制、转录和基因组完整性）的重要组成部分。尽管 TOP 的功能和机制，特别是 I 型 TOP （TOP1） 已在细菌、酵母和动物中得到广泛研究，但对植物中这些蛋白质的研究直到最近才开始。

 审查目的

本文综述了植物中 TOP1s 的功能和机制研究以及植物 TOP1 的结构生物学，为读者提供了对这种必需酶的研究现状的全面了解。还讨论了探索植物 TOP1s 工作机制的未来研究方向。

综述的关键科学概念

在过去的十年中，人们发现 TOP1s 在植物发育的多相过程中起着至关重要的作用，例如维持分生组织活性、配子发生、开花时间、向重力反应等。植物 TOP1 通过调节染色质状态来影响基因转录，包括染色质可及性、DNA/RNA 结构和核小体定位。然而，尽管这种重要酶的功能和机制在其他物种中已被系统总结，但其总结不佳。本文根据植物 TOP1s 在不同组织中的不同功能和作用机制，总结了其研究进展。