It has been found that thymol (Thy) and rosmarinic acid (Ros-A) improve the growth performance of piglets and relieve intestinal inflammation in animals. The effects of Thy and Ros-A separately or in combination (Thy×Ros-A) on the intestinal function and health of piglets challenged with Escherichia coli K88 (E. coli K88) were investigated. A total of 30 piglets aged 21 d were assigned to 5 groups (n = 6). The control (Con) and K88 groups piglets received a basal diet, while the Thy, Ros-A, and Thy×Ros-A groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg Thy, 500 mg/kg Ros-A, and 250 mg/kg Thy + 250 mg/kg Ros-A, respectively. On the 19th and 20th day, piglets in the K88, Thy, Ros-A, and Thy×Ros-A groups were orally administered 10 mL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing approximately 1 × 109 colony-forming units/mL of E. coli K88, while the Con group received an equal volume of PBS. The results showed that the Thy×Ros-A treatment reduced the damage to ileal villi induced by the E. coli K88 challenge, leading to longer villi in the ileum (P < 0.05). Thy and Ros-A modulated the composition of the ileal microbiota. Compared to the K88 group, the Thy×Ros-A group had a higher abundance of Lactobacillus and Romboutsia, while Escherichia-Shigella and Desulforvibrio were lower (P < 0.05). Additionally, the Thy×Ros-A group showed elevated levels of gene and protein expressions for zonula occludens-1, occludin, and claudin-1 compared to the K88 group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, combining Thy and Ros-A reduced ileal damage and relieved the inflammation in weaned piglets challenged with E. coli K88 by regulating intestinal microflora and improving barrier function.

中文翻译：

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百里香酚和迷迭香酸组合对受大叶草攻击的仔猪肠道菌群和屏障功能的影响。大肠杆菌 K88


已经发现，百里香酚 （Thy） 和迷迭香酸 （Ros-A） 可改善仔猪的生长性能并缓解动物的肠道炎症。研究了 Thy 和 Ros-A 单独或联合 （Thy×Ros-A） 对大肠埃希菌 K88 （E. coli K88） 攻击仔猪肠道功能和健康的影响。共将 30 头 21 d 的仔猪分为 5 组 （n = 6）。对照组 （Con） 和 K88 组仔猪接受基础日粮，而 Thy、Ros-A 和 Thy×Ros-A 组饲喂基础日粮，分别补充 500 mg/kg Thy、500 mg/kg Ros-A 和 250 mg/kg Thy + 250 mg/kg Ros-A。在第 19 天和第 20 天，K88、Thy、Ros-A 和 Thy×Ros-A 组的仔猪口服 10 mL 磷酸盐缓冲盐水 （PBS），其中含有约 1 × 109 个菌落形成单位/mL 的大肠杆菌 K88，而 Con 组接受等体积的 PBS。结果表明，Thy×Ros-A 处理减少了大肠埃希菌 K88 攻击对回肠绒毛的损伤，导致回肠绒毛更长 （P < 0.05）。Thy 和 Ros-A 调节回肠微生物群的组成。与 K88 组相比，Thy×Ros-A 组乳酸菌和龙纹菌属的丰度较高，而埃希氏菌属和脱硫菌属的丰度较低 （P < 0.05）。此外，与 K88 组相比，Thy×Ros-A 组显示 zonula occludens-1 、 occludin 和 claudin-1 的基因和蛋白质表达水平升高 （P < 0.05）。总之，Thy 和 Ros-A 联合通过调节肠道菌群和改善屏障功能，减少了大肠杆菌 K88 攻击断奶仔猪的回肠损伤并缓解了炎症。