The tide of global biodiversity decline is unlikely to be turned without conservation efforts on human land-uses. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) seem to be a particularly promising set of tools that could be mobilized for this purpose. The problem, however, is that application of sustainable practices in NbS on human land-uses does not guarantee capability of these ecosystems to maintain biodiversity. In addition to that, changing climate conditions, if not adequately addressed during the NbS design process, in longer term, may undermine persistence of the ecosystem itself and of species assemblages inhabiting it. Thus, there is a clear need to understand the factors determining capability of NbS on human land-uses to maintain biodiversity and to sustain it under global heating. Although the NbS can take different forms, including forest plantations, sustainable forestry practices, sustainable agriculture and urban green infrastructure, considering the NbS as designed ecosystems can help determining factors relevant to all or most NbS on human land-uses. Thus, the aim of this paper is to explore these factors by synthesising relevant knowledge, investigate interconnections between the factors, and provide recommendations for land use planning. Considering the factors and interconnections between them we propose an innovative overarching approach to NbS design and management on human land-uses.

中文翻译：

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在不断变化的世界中设想基于自然的解决方案作为设计生态系统


如果不对人类土地利用进行保护，就不太可能扭转全球生物多样性下降的趋势。基于自然的解决方案 （NbS） 似乎是一套特别有前途的工具，可以为此目的而动员起来。然而，问题在于，将 NbS 中的可持续实践应用于人类土地利用并不能保证这些生态系统维持生物多样性的能力。除此之外，如果在 NbS 设计过程中没有充分解决不断变化的气候条件，从长远来看，可能会破坏生态系统本身和栖息在其中的物种组合的持续存在。因此，显然需要了解决定 NbS 对人类土地利用能力的因素，以维持生物多样性并在全球变暖的情况下维持生物多样性。尽管 NbS 可以采取不同的形式，包括人工林、可持续林业实践、可持续农业和城市绿色基础设施，但将 NbS 视为设计的生态系统有助于确定与人类土地利用中所有或大多数 NbS 相关的因素。因此，本文的目的是通过综合相关知识来探讨这些因素，调查这些因素之间的相互联系，并为土地利用规划提供建议。考虑到这些因素和它们之间的相互联系，我们提出了一种创新的总体方法来设计和管理人类土地利用的 NbS。