This study evaluates the nutritional value and health risks of fish from Miliç Wetland, Türkiye, focusing on potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in Esox lucius, Squalius cephalus, and Carassius gibelio. Using ICP-MS, mean PTE concentrations were determined, including Zn (4979 μg/kg), Fe (4241 μg/kg), and As (125 μg/kg). Macro elements like K, P, and Ca were also assessed for nutritional profiling. A Monte Carlo-based risk assessment confirmed that PTE levels were below safety limits, indicating safe consumption. Chemometric techniques (PCA, PCC, HCA) helped trace contamination sources, identifying residential, agricultural, and lithogenic inputs. Esox lucius showed the highest essential nutrient levels. This research highlights the importance of combining chemometric analysis with regular monitoring for food safety and public health protection.

中文翻译：

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揭示土耳其 Miliç 湿地鱼类物种的营养价值和潜在有毒元素：使用 Monte Carlo 模拟进行概率人类健康风险评估


本研究评估了土耳其 Miliç 湿地鱼类的营养价值和健康风险，重点关注 Esox lucius、Squalius cephalus 和 Carassius gibelio 中的潜在有毒元素 （PTE）。使用 ICP-MS 测定平均 PTE 浓度，包括 Zn （4979 μg/kg）、Fe （4241 μg/kg） 和 As （125 μg/kg）。还评估了 K、P 和 Ca 等宏观元素的营养分析。基于蒙特卡洛的风险评估证实，PTE 水平低于安全限值，表明可以安全食用。化学计量学技术（PCA、PCC、HCA）有助于追踪污染源，识别住宅、农业和成岩输入。Esox lucius 的必需营养素水平最高。这项研究强调了将化学计量学分析与食品安全和公共卫生保护定期监测相结合的重要性。