Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) are generated at the frictional interface between tires and the road surface. This mixture of tire tread and road pavement materials can migrate from roads into nearby water bodies during precipitation events. The absence of mass-based measurements in marine environments introduces uncertainty in environmental risk assessments and fate and transport models. Surface water and sediment samples were collected from nine Osaka Bay (Japan) locations for TRWP mass determination in June 2023. Additionally, sediment traps were deployed for approximately nine weeks at three locations near the mouth of the Yodo River. Large volumes of surface water (approximately 10,000 L/sample) were sequentially filtered (100, 10, 0.5 μm) to capture retained solids between 0.5 μm and 5 mm. Sediment and retained solids were analyzed for TRWP using Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and the particulate zinc (Zn) method. TRWP concentrations in surface water retained solids and sediment showed spatial variation, with median concentrations of 231 μg/g dw and 312 μg/g (grab samples) and 460 μg/g (trap samples), respectively, with higher concentrations near the mouth of the Yodo River, indicating greater influence from urban areas. The study's findings improve understanding of the Py-GC/MS method, highlighting the necessary adjustments to reduce biases and enhance accuracy, as well as the relationship between Py-GC/MS and the particulate Zn method. These results can inform future environmental risk assessments, fate and transport models, and strategies for mitigating TRWP in marine environments.

中文翻译：

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通过两种分析方法鉴定和定量分析日本大阪湾的轮胎和道路磨损颗粒


轮胎和道路磨损颗粒 （TRWP） 是在轮胎和路面之间的摩擦界面处产生的。在降水事件期间，轮胎胎面和道路路面材料的混合物可以从道路迁移到附近的水体中。海洋环境中缺乏基于质量的测量，这给环境风险评估以及命运和运输模型带来了不确定性。2023 年 6 月，从大阪湾（日本）的 9 个地点收集了地表水和沉积物样品，用于 TRWP 质量测定。此外，在淀河河口附近的三个地点部署了大约 9 周的沉积物陷阱。对大量地表水（约 10,000 L/样品）进行顺序过滤（100、10、0.5 μm），以捕获 0.5 μm 至 5 mm 之间的保留固体。使用热解-气相色谱/质谱 （Py-GC/MS） 和颗粒锌 （Zn） 方法分析沉积物和保留固体的 TRWP。地表水滞留固体和沉积物中 TRWP 浓度呈空间变化，中位浓度分别为 231 μg/g dw 和 312 μg/g（抓取样品）和 460 μg/g（陷阱样品），淀川河口附近浓度较高，表明城市地区的影响更大。该研究结果提高了对 Py-GC/MS 方法的理解，强调了减少偏差和提高准确性的必要调整，以及 Py-GC/MS 与颗粒 Zn 方法之间的关系。这些结果可以为未来的环境风险评估、命运和运输模型以及减轻海洋环境中 TRWP 的策略提供信息。