The seed and edible oil (SEO) industry produces a significant amount of waste, from wastewater to organic solid waste such as soybean and sunflower seed husks. The inclusion of these materials as substrates for edible mushroom production was examined. Lignocellulosic characterization of the substrates was also performed to determine the exact nutrient requirements for fungal inoculation. Comparative analysis with the control sample cultured on traditional wheat straw showed that the solid wastes of SEO not only allowed a satisfactory growth rate of Pleurotus ostreatus, but also resulted in fruiting bodies with satisfactory sensory characteristics, chemical composition, and functional properties such as antioxidant activity. For the first time, emphasis was placed on cytotoxic and genotoxic properties to obtain baseline data for risk assessment. The results show that the maximum shelf life of P. ostreatus that allows overall quality to be maintained is seven days, as there is a genotoxic risk if the mushrooms are stored longer. Although the biological efficiency was <50 %, the fruiting bodies produced showed excellent characteristics, with growth yield of 1114 g for soybean seed husk (SBN) substrate. The only limitation was the duration of storage, considering the leakage of electrolytes >23 % on the day 14 which leads to increased growth of psychrotrophic microorganisms (2.65–3.20 log CFU/g). Considering the resource-intensive SEO industry and the significant amounts of waste associated with it, incorporating waste streams from this industry and converting them into valuable food contributes toward the research-backed realistic new avenues and moves beyond the status quo of the SEO industry.

中文翻译：

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种植平菇，实现更可持续的大豆和葵花籽废弃物管理


种子和食用油 （SEO） 行业会产生大量废物，从废水到有机固体废物，如大豆和葵花籽壳。检查了将这些材料作为食用蘑菇生产的基质。还对底物进行了木质纤维素表征，以确定真菌接种的确切营养需求。与传统小麦秸秆上培养的对照样品的比较分析表明，SEO 的固体废弃物不仅使平菇的生长速度令人满意，而且子实体具有令人满意的感官特性、化学成分和抗氧化活性等功能特性。首次强调细胞毒性和遗传毒性特性，以获得用于风险评估的基线数据。结果表明，可以保持整体质量的 P. ostreatus 的最长保质期为 7 天，因为如果蘑菇储存时间更长，则存在遗传毒性风险。尽管生物效率为 <50 %，但产生的子实体表现出优异的特性，大豆籽壳 （SBN） 基质的生长产量为 1114 g。唯一的限制是储存时间，考虑到电解质 >23 % 在第 14 天泄漏，导致嗜冷微生物的生长增加 （2.65–3.20 log CFU/g）。考虑到资源密集型 SEO 行业和与之相关的大量浪费，整合该行业的废物流并将其转化为有价值的食物有助于建立由研究支持的现实新途径，并超越 SEO 行业的现状。