This study delved into the fundamental relationship between negative emotions and slow walking behaviors in a smoke-filled model-scale tunnel. Behavioral patterns and emotional responses were investigated by video observations and physiological signals. Contrary to previous assumptions, it was revealed that the “slow” was not solely indicative of older people, children, or individuals with disabilities. 15.3% of the slow participants paused several times during evacuation, with those in stress and low-stress cases pausing to look around, whereas a portion of those in fear and anxiety cases did nothing during their pause, potentially linked to threat-induced states such as orienting, freezing, and tonic immobility. 20.7% evacuated while stooping, possibly because of participants’ background (the disaster prevention education in Japan). The Difference-in-Differences (DID) estimation results indicated that negative emotions exerted a more pronounced influence on slow speeds compared to the overall speeds.

中文翻译：

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烟雾弥漫的模型尺度隧道中带有负面情绪的慢行走行为


本研究深入探讨了在充满烟雾的模型尺度隧道中负面情绪与缓慢行走行为之间的基本关系。通过视频观察和生理信号研究行为模式和情绪反应。与之前的假设相反，据透露，“慢”不仅仅指老年人、儿童或残疾人。15.3% 的慢速参与者在疏散过程中暂停了几次，压力和低压力情况下的参与者停下来环顾四周，而恐惧和焦虑病例的一部分在暂停期间什么也没做，这可能与威胁引起的状态有关，例如定向、冻结和强直不动。20.7% 的人弯腰避难，可能是因为参与者的背景（日本的防灾教育）。双重差分 （DID） 估计结果表明，与整体速度相比，负面情绪对慢速的影响更为明显。