The resource allocation and utilization efficiency in multi-airport systems can be significantly enhanced through the implementation of effective management strategies, thereby enhancing transportation efficiency in these critical transportation hubs. This study proposes a decision-making model for governments, airports, and air carriers operating within multi-airport systems, incorporating network structures that encompass both air-rail intermodal connectivity and direct route options. A backward induction method is employed to conduct a comparative analysis of social welfare between group management and localized management strategies for multi-airport systems. The results demonstrate that the group management strategy represents the Nash equilibrium, as it ensures the maximization of social welfare while maintaining alignment with public welfare objectives. Further examination of high-speed rail unit operating costs reveals a potential Prisoner’s Dilemma that the management departments may encounter. When the high-speed rail unit operating costs fall below a critical threshold, total social welfare under the localized management strategy surpasses that of the group management strategy for multi-airport systems. Moreover, higher airline revenue proportions derived from air-rail intermodal services may mitigate the likelihood of encountering a Prisoner’s Dilemma, as the critical value of high-speed rail unit operating cost increases with the increase of airline revenue proportions. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in designing effective multi-airport system management strategies, integrating both operational efficiency and social welfare maximization.

中文翻译：

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考虑空铁联运和社会福利的多机场系统管理策略


通过实施有效的管理策略，可以显著提高多机场系统的资源配置和利用效率，从而提高这些关键交通枢纽的运输效率。本研究为在多机场系统内运营的政府、机场和航空公司提出了一种决策模型，其中包含包括空铁联运连接和直达路线选项的网络结构。采用逆向归纳法对多机场系统的群体管理与地方化管理策略之间的社会福利进行比较分析。结果表明，群体管理策略代表了纳什均衡，因为它确保了社会福利的最大化，同时保持与公共福利目标的一致性。进一步检查高铁单元运营成本揭示了管理部门可能遇到的潜在囚徒困境。当高铁机组运营成本低于临界阈值时，本地化管理策略下的社会总福利超过多机场系统集团化管理策略。此外，空铁联运服务带来的更高航空公司收入比例可能会降低遇到囚徒困境的可能性，因为高铁单位运营成本的临界值随着航空公司收入比例的增加而增加。这些发现为政策制定者和利益相关者设计有效的多机场系统管理策略提供了宝贵的见解，将运营效率和社会福利最大化相结合。