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Revitalized abyssal ancient viruses trigger viral pandemic in terrestrial soil
Environment International ( IF 10.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109183
Xumei Sun, Xinyi Zhang, Xiaobo Zhang
Environment International ( IF 10.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109183
Xumei Sun, Xinyi Zhang, Xiaobo Zhang
Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on the earth. Some ancient viruses can revive from permafrost along with melting to infect the current hosts. The “zombie viruses” trapped in the ancient deep-sea sediments become the public health concern due to the environmental changes and human activities in deep oceans. However, the biosecurity risk of benthic viruses has not been explored. Here, two viruses purified from the ancient deep-sea sediments were infectious to the bacteria of terrestrial soil. Furthermore, the benthic viruses were purified from each of 106 deep-sea sediments with 1,900–17,300 years old and then the biothreats of deep-sea viruses to terrestrial soil were evaluated on a global scale. The results revealed that the viruses purified from each of 9 sediments could disturb the native bacterial communities in soil and destroy the soil functions. These viruses with the capacity to invade soil were widely distributed in the abyssal sea. Therefore, our findings highlighted the revitalized risks of deep-sea ancient viruses to terrestrial soil ecosystems for the first time. The biosecurity of deep-sea viruses to terrestrial soil should be assessed before performing deep-sea mining and scientific activities.
中文翻译:
恢复活力的深海古老病毒在陆地土壤中引发病毒大流行
病毒是地球上最丰富的生物实体。一些古老的病毒可以从永久冻土中复活,同时融化以感染当前的宿主。由于深海环境的变化和人类活动,被困在古老深海沉积物中的“僵尸病毒”成为公众健康关注的问题。然而,底栖病毒的生物安全风险尚未得到探索。在这里,从古老的深海沉积物中纯化的两种病毒对陆地土壤的细菌具有传染性。此外,从 106 种年龄为 1,900-17,300 年的深海沉积物中纯化了底栖病毒,然后在全球范围内评估了深海病毒对陆地土壤的生物威胁。结果表明,从 9 种沉积物中纯化的病毒可以扰乱土壤中的天然细菌群落并破坏土壤功能。这些具有侵入土壤能力的病毒广泛分布在深海中。因此,我们的研究结果首次强调了深海古代病毒对陆地土壤生态系统的重新激活的风险。在进行深海采矿和科学活动之前,应评估深海病毒对陆地土壤的生物安全性。
更新日期:2024-12-07
中文翻译:
恢复活力的深海古老病毒在陆地土壤中引发病毒大流行
病毒是地球上最丰富的生物实体。一些古老的病毒可以从永久冻土中复活,同时融化以感染当前的宿主。由于深海环境的变化和人类活动,被困在古老深海沉积物中的“僵尸病毒”成为公众健康关注的问题。然而,底栖病毒的生物安全风险尚未得到探索。在这里,从古老的深海沉积物中纯化的两种病毒对陆地土壤的细菌具有传染性。此外,从 106 种年龄为 1,900-17,300 年的深海沉积物中纯化了底栖病毒,然后在全球范围内评估了深海病毒对陆地土壤的生物威胁。结果表明,从 9 种沉积物中纯化的病毒可以扰乱土壤中的天然细菌群落并破坏土壤功能。这些具有侵入土壤能力的病毒广泛分布在深海中。因此,我们的研究结果首次强调了深海古代病毒对陆地土壤生态系统的重新激活的风险。在进行深海采矿和科学活动之前,应评估深海病毒对陆地土壤的生物安全性。