In this article, the impact of three experimental parameters in a harmonic expectancy study are evaluated: stimulus duration (specifically the lead-in time prior to an unexpected event), ecological validity of the stimulus (original recording vs. piano only), and familiarity. This article also presents a novel experimental paradigm for detecting expectancy violations in a real-time listening context with increased ecological validity, as well as a novel quasi-blind stimulus-selection procedure. Results suggest that the importance of the ecological validity of the stimulus may depend on the population of the study (i.e., musicians or non-musicians), and that the role of familiarity ought to be more rigorously examined. Specifically, it appears that the ability to notice a harmonic expectancy violation may be modulated by the degree of prior familiarity with the stimulus. In addition, stimuli with longer lead-in times lead to an increase in the probability of marking a harmonically surprising event. Implications for expectancy-violation theory, computational modeling, prediction error theory, and general stimulus-selection procedures in music perception and cognition research are discussed.

中文翻译：

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谐波期望违例：测试熟悉度、导入时间和生态效度的影响


在本文中，评估了谐波预期研究中三个实验参数的影响：刺激持续时间（特别是意外事件之前的引入时间）、刺激的生态效度（原始录音与仅钢琴）和熟悉度。本文还提出了一种新的实验范式，用于在实时聆听环境中检测预期违规，并提高生态效度，以及一种新的准盲刺激选择程序。结果表明，刺激的生态效度的重要性可能取决于研究的人群（即音乐家或非音乐家），并且应该更严格地检查熟悉度的作用。具体来说，注意到谐波期望违例的能力似乎可能受到先前对刺激的熟悉程度的调节。此外，具有较长导入时间的刺激会导致标记谐波意外事件的概率增加。讨论了对音乐感知和认知研究中预期违例理论、计算建模、预测误差理论和一般刺激选择程序的影响。