Noise is one of the greatest environmental health risks causing health issues via stress, deteriorated sleep, and annoyance. Noise annoyance is partially explained by measurable sound characteristics, and partially by other environmental, situational, and individual factors. Greenery might decrease noise annoyance via hiding the noise source, facilitating psycho-physiological restoration, and masking noise. However, whether greenery near home and some individual traits moderate the effect of road traffic noise on noise annoyance has been rarely assessed in everyday life. Using cross-sectional Environmental Health survey (n = 7321) collected at the Finnish capital region in 2015–16, we analysed the interactions between road traffic noise, green space, tree cover density, green view from home, noise sensitivity and nature relatedness on noise annoyance, using logistic regression modeling. Covariates included age, gender, socio-economic indicators, living floor, and the direction of windows. More green space and greater tree coverage around home were associated with lower odds of road traffic noise annoyance when road traffic noise was < 60 dB Lden but increasingly higher odds at higher noise levels. No other interactions were found. Green view was only tentatively associated with lower odds of noise annoyance. Noise sensitivity and nature relatedness were related to greater odds of noise annoyance. In conclusion, greenery might mitigate noise annoyance at low-to-moderate road traffic noise levels. At higher noise levels, greenery may even increase noise annoyance. This could be due to incongruency between expected and actualised soundscapes in greener areas. However, more studies, especially interventions, are needed to confirm this.

中文翻译：

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更环保，更少烦人？家附近绿化、噪声敏感性和自然相关性对道路交通噪声烦恼的调节作用


噪音是最大的环境健康风险之一，通过压力、睡眠恶化和烦恼导致健康问题。噪音烦恼部分由可测量的声音特征解释，部分由其他环境、情境和个人因素解释。绿色植物可以通过隐藏噪声源、促进心理生理恢复和掩盖噪声来减少噪声干扰。然而，在日常生活中，很少评估家附近的绿色植物和一些个体特征是否能缓和道路交通噪音对噪音烦恼的影响。使用 2015-16 年在芬兰首都地区收集的横断面环境健康调查 （n = 7321），我们分析了道路交通噪声、绿地、树木覆盖密度、家中的绿色景观、噪声敏感性和自然相关性与噪声烦恼之间的相互作用，使用逻辑回归模型。协变量包括年龄、性别、社会经济指标、生活地板和窗户的方向。当道路交通噪音为 < 60 dB Lden 时，更多的绿色空间和更大的树木覆盖率与较低的道路交通噪音烦恼的几率相关，但在较高的噪音水平下，几率越来越高。未发现其他交互。绿色景观仅暂时与较低的噪音烦恼几率相关。噪声敏感性和自然相关性与噪声烦恼的较大几率有关。总之，绿化植物可能会减轻中低道路交通噪音水平的噪音烦恼。在较高的噪音水平下，绿色植物甚至可能会增加噪音烦恼。这可能是由于绿色区域的预期音景和实际音景不一致。然而，需要更多的研究，尤其是干预措施来证实这一点。