While humans typically saccade every ~250 ms in natural settings, studies on vision tend to prevent or restrict eye movements. As it takes ~50 ms to initiate and execute a saccade, this leaves only ~200 ms to identify the fixated object and select the next saccade goal. How much detail can be derived about parafoveal objects in this short time interval, during which foveal processing and saccade planning both occur? Here, we had male and female human participants freely explore a set of natural images while we recorded magnetoencephalography and eye movements. Using multivariate pattern analysis, we demonstrate that future parafoveal images could be decoded at the feature and category level with peak decoding at ~110 and ~165 ms, respectively, while the decoding of fixated objects at the feature and category level peaked at ~100 and ~145 ms. The decoding of features and categories was contingent on the objects being saccade goals. In sum, we provide insight on the neuronal mechanism of presaccadic attention by demonstrating that feature- and category-specific information of foveal and parafoveal objects can be extracted in succession within a ~200 ms intersaccadic interval. These findings rule out strict serial or parallel processing accounts but are consistent with a pipeline mechanism in which foveal and parafoveal objects are processed in parallel but at different levels in the visual hierarchy.

虽然人类在自然环境中通常每 ~250 毫秒扫视一次，但对视力的研究往往会阻止或限制眼球运动。由于启动和执行扫视需要 ~50 毫秒，因此只有 ~200 毫秒的时间来识别注视对象并选择下一个扫视目标。在中央凹处理和扫视规划都发生的这个短时间间隔内，可以得出多少关于中心凹旁物体的细节？在这里，我们让男性和女性人类参与者自由探索一组自然图像，同时我们记录脑磁图和眼球运动。使用多变量模式分析，我们证明未来的旁中心凹图像可以在特征和类别级别解码，峰值解码分别为 ~110 和 ~165 毫秒，而在特征和类别级别对固定对象的解码在 ~100 和 ~145 毫秒达到峰值。特征和类别的解码取决于作为扫视目标的对象。总之，我们通过证明可以在 ~200 ms 扫视间隔内连续提取中心凹和中心凹旁物体的特征和类别特异性信息，从而深入了解扫视前注意力的神经元机制。这些发现排除了严格的串行或并行处理帐户，但与管道机制一致，其中中央凹和副中央凹对象并行处理，但在视觉层次结构中的不同级别。