People with asthma experience many different problems related to their illness. The number and type of problems differ between patients. This results in asthma being a complex and heterogeneous disorder which mandates a personalised approach to management. These features pose very significant challenges for the effective implementation of evidence-based management. "Treatable traits" is a model of care that has been specifically designed to address these issues. Traits are identified in the pulmonary, extrapulmonary (comorbidity) and behavioural/risk factor domains. Traits are clinically relevant, recognisable with validated trait identification markers and treatable using evidence-based therapies. The clinician and patient agree on a personalised management plan that addresses the relevant traits, and trials show superiority of this approach with significant improvements in asthma control and quality of life. A number of tools have now been developed to assist the clinician in the implementation of this approach. The success of the treatable traits model of care is now being realised in other disease areas.

哮喘患者会遇到许多与疾病相关的不同问题。问题的数量和类型因患者而异。这导致哮喘是一种复杂且异质性的疾病，需要采用个性化的管理方法。这些特点对有效实施循证管理提出了非常重大的挑战。“可治疗特征”是一种专门为解决这些问题而设计的护理模式。在肺、肺外（合并症）和行为/危险因素领域确定性状。性状具有临床相关性，可通过经过验证的性状识别标志物识别，并且可以使用循证疗法进行治疗。临床医生和患者就针对相关特征的个体化管理计划达成一致，试验表明这种方法在哮喘控制和生活质量方面具有显著改善的优越性。现在已经开发了许多工具来帮助临床医生实施这种方法。可治疗性状护理模式的成功现在正在其他疾病领域实现。