Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has emerged as one of the most rapidly evolving modalities of immunotherapy, with substantial success in the treatment of hematological malignancies and encouraging outcomes in solid tumors. Yet, the efficacy of CAR-T therapy is hindered by challenges such as suboptimal expansion and persistence, adverse events, a scarcity of ideal targets, high immunosuppression, and insufficient infiltration due to the intricate tumor microenvironment, all of which limit its application. The 2024 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress presented novel CAR-T cell therapies for hematologic and solid malignancies, focusing on strategies such as cytokine modulation, innovative targets, allogeneic development, mRNA vaccine synergy, in vivo delivery and conditional activation to surmount these challenges.

中文翻译：

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CAR-T 细胞疗法治疗血液系统和实体恶性肿瘤的进展：2024 年 ESMO 年会的最新进展


嵌合抗原受体 （CAR）-T 细胞疗法已成为发展最快的免疫疗法之一，在治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤方面取得了重大成功，并在实体瘤中取得了令人鼓舞的结果。然而，CAR-T 疗法的疗效受到诸如次优扩增和持久性、不良事件、理想靶点稀缺、高度免疫抑制以及错综复杂的肿瘤微环境导致浸润不足等挑战的阻碍，所有这些都限制了其应用。2024 年欧洲肿瘤内科学会 （ESMO） 大会展示了用于血液系统和实体恶性肿瘤的新型 CAR-T 细胞疗法，重点关注细胞因子调节、创新靶点、同种异体开发、mRNA 疫苗协同、体内递送和条件激活等策略，以克服这些挑战。