Defect engineering regulation has long been regarded as an efficient strategy to construct highly selective electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (ECO₂RR) catalysts. Recently, tremendous efforts have been made in the development of efficient catalysts by defect design to convert CO₂ into high-value chemicals such as C₁, C₂, and C₃ products. Here, a concise but comprehensive review of recent progress in the field of ECO₂RR is provided. A series of recently developed defect strategies are summarized under a framework of vacancy defects, doping defects, lattice defects, and edge defects. Besides the relationship between catalyst design and performance, the key factors of device types, ion-exchange membranes, and electrode configuration related to the performance of ECO₂RR electrolyzers are discussed. Lastly, recent advances in industrial applications and related economic analyses, along with some challenges and opportunities, are highlighted.

中文翻译：

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用于选择性电催化 CO2 还原的纳米材料的缺陷工程


长期以来，缺陷工程调控一直被认为是构建高选择性电催化二氧化碳还原反应 （ECO₂RR） 催化剂的有效策略。最近，人们在通过缺陷设计开发高效催化剂方面付出了巨大的努力，以将 CO₂ 转化为高价值化学品，例如 C₁、C₂ 和 C₃ 产品。在这里，对 ECO₂RR 领域的最新进展进行了简明而全面的回顾。在空位缺陷、掺杂缺陷、晶格缺陷和边缘缺陷的框架下，总结了一系列最近开发的缺陷策略。除了催化剂设计和性能之间的关系外，还讨论了与 ECO₂RR 电解槽性能相关的器件类型、离子交换膜和电极配置等关键因素。最后，强调了工业应用和相关经济分析的最新进展，以及一些挑战和机遇。