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A nationwide survey of phthalate esters (PAEs) in tobacco leaves across China: Occurrence, spatial distribution and health risk assessment
Journal of Hazardous Materials ( IF 12.2 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136776 Fei Huang, Zhaohui Ren, Baolin Liu, Yong Yu, Xiaosheng Lin
Journal of Hazardous Materials ( IF 12.2 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136776 Fei Huang, Zhaohui Ren, Baolin Liu, Yong Yu, Xiaosheng Lin
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The widespread use of plastic mulch may lead to the release of phthalate esters (PAEs), which can be absorbed into tobacco leaves by root. In this study, we collected 50 samples of tobacco leaves in 19 provinces across China and determined the concentrations of 6 PAEs in leaves at different parts of tobacco. The total concentrations of 4 PAEs (∑4 PAEs) ranged from 49.0 ng·g−1 to 273 ng·g−1 with a mean of 97.6 ng·g−1 . Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the predominant chemical in tobacco leaves with an average concentration of 44.4 ng·g−1 . High ∑4 PAEs were found in tobacco leaves in Hubei, Fujian and Hebei. Besides, high concentrations of DEHP and di-n-butyl phthalate were found in tobacco leaves grown in economically developed areas of China. High concentrations and leaf-soil translocation factors of PAEs were observed in lower tobacco leaves than middle and upper leaves. The hazard quotients of 4 PAEs were all less than 1, indicating a negligible non-carcinogenic risk to smokers. Moreover, a low carcinogenic risk posed by DEHP was found to smokers. The present study firstly provides comprehensive information on PAE concentrations in tobacco leaves and assesses the health risk posed by PAEs to smokers at a nationwide scale.
更新日期：2024-12-04
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