Owing to anionic oxygen redox, cathode materials containing lithium-rich oxides (LROs) exhibit a large discharge capacity exceeding 300 mAh/g. This makes them viable choices for fabrication of cathode materials for future development of lithium-ion batteries with an energy density exceeding 500 Wh/kg. However, O redox is irreversible, resulting in voltage/capacity fade with precipitation of lattice oxygen during cycling. In this work, we review the mechanism of O redox, the role of intrinsic microstrains and potential defects in O redox, and strategies to achieve a reversible O redox through artificial engineering of these intrinsic microstrains and defects. We also evaluate facile and simple methods that are effective to modify these microstrains through engineering of phase distribution, phase structure, and morphology, as well as methods for modification of intrinsic defects, so that discharge capacity can also be improved. This work provides routes to achieve high-performance LROs with a long lifespan.

中文翻译：

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富锂氧化物正极材料的降解、本征微应变和相结构工程


由于阴离子氧氧化还原，含有富锂氧化物 （LRO） 的正极材料表现出超过 300 mAh/g 的大放电容量。这使它们成为制造能量密度超过 500 Wh/kg 的锂离子电池未来开发的正极材料的可行选择。然而，O 氧化还原是不可逆的，导致电压/容量在循环过程中随着晶格氧的沉淀而衰减。在这项工作中，我们回顾了 O 氧化还原的机制、本征微应变的作用和潜在缺陷在 O 氧化还原中的作用，以及通过人工工程这些本征微应变和缺陷实现可逆 O 氧化还原的策略。我们还评估了通过相分布、相结构和形态的工程来有效修饰这些微应变的简单方法，以及修饰本征缺陷的方法，以便也可以提高放电容量。这项工作提供了实现具有长使用寿命的高性能 LRO 的途径。