Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder with a progressive nature, posing challenges in diagnosis and treatment. It is characterized by the formation of Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which have been the focus of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Despite decades of research, the elusive nature of AD has made it difficult to develop widely recognized diagnostic and treatment methods. However, recent advances have led to new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques targeting Aβ and tau. These technologies aim to address gaps in our understanding by targeting biomarkers using multifunctional fluorescent organic-molecule-based theranostics. There is a leading hypothesis that Aβ and its oligomers are crucial pathogenic features in AD-afflicted brains. Metals found in Aβ plaques have been linked to AD, contributing to oxidative stress and stabilizing toxic Aβ oligomers. Drug research is addressing AD’s diverse toxicity, including protein aggregation, metal toxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and neuroinflammation. Drug development is adopting multifaceted approaches, focusing on the intricate interaction of AD contributors. Diverse diagnostic techniques and innovative drug development tactics are crucial for AD diagnosis and therapy advances.

中文翻译：

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多功能荧光探针揭示阿尔茨海默病发病机制中的复杂通路


阿尔茨海默病 （AD） 是一种复杂的神经系统疾病，具有进行性性质，对诊断和治疗构成挑战。其特征是形成 Aβ 斑块和神经原纤维缠结 （NFT），这一直是临床诊断和治疗的重点。尽管进行了数十年的研究，但 AD 难以捉摸的性质使得开发广泛认可的诊断和治疗方法变得困难。然而，最近的进展导致了针对 Aβ 和 tau 的新诊断和治疗技术。这些技术旨在通过使用基于多功能荧光有机分子的治疗诊断学靶向生物标志物来解决我们理解中的差距。有一个主要的假设是 Aβ 及其寡聚体是 AD 患者大脑中的关键致病特征。在 Aβ 斑块中发现的金属与 AD 有关，有助于氧化应激并稳定有毒的 Aβ 寡聚体。药物研究正在解决 AD 的各种毒性，包括蛋白质聚集、金属毒性、氧化应激、线粒体损伤和神经炎症。药物开发正在采用多方面的方法，专注于 AD 贡献者之间的复杂互动。多样化的诊断技术和创新的药物开发策略对于 AD 诊断和治疗的进步至关重要。