Biogeographic context, such as biome type, has a critical influence on ecological resilience, as climatic and environmental conditions impact how communities respond to anthropogenic threats. For example, land‐use change causes a greater loss of biodiversity in tropical biomes compared to temperate biomes. Furthermore, the nature of threats impacting ecosystems varies geographically. Therefore, monitoring the state of biodiversity at a high spatial resolution is crucial to capture variation in threat–responses caused by biogeographical context. However such fine‐scale ecological data collection could be prohibitively resource intensive. In this study, we aim to find the spatial scale that could best capture variation in community‐level threat responses whilst keeping data collection requirements feasible. Using a database of biodiversity records with extensive global coverage, we modelled species richness and total abundance (the responses) across land‐use types (reflecting threats), considering three different spatial scales: biomes, biogeographical realms, and regional biomes (the interaction between realm and biome). We then modelled data from three highly sampled biomes to ask how responses to threat differ between regional biomes and taxonomic group. We found strong support for regional biomes in explaining variation in species richness and total abundance compared to biomes or realms alone. Our biome case studies demonstrate that there is variation in magnitude and direction of threat responses across both regional biomes and taxonomic group, although the interpretation is limited by sampling bias in the literature. All groups in tropical forest showed a consistently negative response, whilst many taxon‐regional biome groups showed no clear response to threat in temperate forest and tropical grassland. Our results provide the first empirical evidence that the taxon‐regional biome unit has potential as a reasonable spatial unit for monitoring how ecological communities respond to threats and designing effective conservation interventions to bend the curve on biodiversity loss.

中文翻译：

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区域生物群落在捕捉生物多样性对土地利用变化的反应方面优于更广泛的空间单位


生物地理环境（例如生物群落类型）对生态复原力具有关键影响，因为气候和环境条件会影响社区如何应对人为威胁。例如，与温带生物群落相比，土地利用变化导致热带生物群落生物多样性的损失更大。此外，影响生态系统的威胁的性质因地域而异。因此，以高空间分辨率监测生物多样性的状态对于捕捉生物地理环境引起的威胁反应变化至关重要。然而，这种精细的生态数据收集可能会非常耗费资源。在这项研究中，我们的目标是找到最能捕捉社区层面威胁响应变化的空间尺度，同时保持数据收集要求的可行性。使用具有广泛全球覆盖范围的生物多样性记录数据库，我们考虑了三种不同的空间尺度：生物群落、生物地理领域和区域生物群落（领域和生物群落之间的相互作用），对不同土地利用类型（反映威胁）的物种丰富度和总丰度（响应）进行了建模。然后，我们对来自三个高度采样生物群落的数据进行建模，以询问区域生物群落和分类群之间对威胁的反应有何不同。我们发现，与单独的生物群落或领域相比，区域生物群落在解释物种丰富度和总丰度的变化方面得到了强有力的支持。我们的生物群落案例研究表明，区域生物群落和分类组的威胁响应的幅度和方向存在差异，尽管解释受到文献中抽样偏差的限制。 热带森林中的所有类群都表现出一致的负面反应，而许多分类区域生物群落群落对温带森林和热带草原的威胁没有表现出明显的反应。我们的结果提供了第一个经验证据，表明分类区域生物群落单元有可能成为一个合理的空间单位，用于监测生态群落如何应对威胁并设计有效的保护干预措施来扭转生物多样性丧失的曲线。