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Autologous non‐myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis: identifying disease risk factors for toxicity and long‐term outcomes in a prospective, single‐arm trial
Arthritis & Rheumatology ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-03 , DOI: 10.1002/art.43072
George E Georges, Dinesh Khanna, Mark H Wener, Matthew G Mei, Maureen D Mayes, Robert W Simms, Vaishali Sanchorawala, Chitra Hosing, Suzanne Kafaja, Attaphol Pawarode, Leona A Holmberg, Jason Kolfenbach, Daniel E Furst, Keith M Sullivan, Suiyuan Huang, Ted Gooley, Richard A Nash

ObjectiveTwo randomized trials for patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis (SSc) demonstrated an overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS) advantage of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) using CD34+ selected peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) compared to monthly cyclophosphamide. We asked if an unmodified PBSC graft followed by maintenance mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) after AHSCT, instead of CD34+ selected graft, could provide comparable AHSCT outcomes.Methods20 patients with high‐risk SSc were enrolled in a prospective, single‐arm trial with cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg and horse anti‐thymocyte globulin (CY200/ATG), followed by unmanipulated autologous PBSC, then MMF maintenance starting at 2 months after AHSCT.ResultsPoint estimates of OS and EFS at 5 years after AHSCT were 85% (95% CI, 60.4%‐94.9%) and 75% (95% CI, 50%‐88.7%), respectively. Median follow‐up was 7.5 years (range, 5.6‐11.6) after transplant for living patients. Eight patients (40%) required intensive care unit treatment early after transplant. Early transplant‐related mortality occurred in 2 patients (10%). Five patients developed relapse/progression of SSc after AHSCT. Four of 9 patients with anti‐RNA polymerase‐III antibody had both prior scleroderma renal crisis and the lowest quartile of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) upon study entry; all 4 patients developed prolonged organ failure/death early post‐transplant.ConclusionWe observed favorable OS and EFS after AHSCT for SSc patients, using CY200/ATG, unmanipulated PBSC and MMF post‐transplant maintenance, that was comparable to trials with CD34+ graft selection. We identified a possible risk factor, pretransplant low eGFR, for adverse outcome after AHSCT.

中文翻译:


自体非清髓性造血干细胞移植治疗弥漫性皮肤系统性硬化症:在一项前瞻性单臂试验中确定毒性和长期结局的疾病危险因素



目的两项针对弥漫性系统性硬化症 (SSc) 患者的随机试验表明,与每月使用环磷酰胺相比,使用 CD34+ 精选外周血干细胞 (PBSC) 的自体造血干细胞移植 (AHSCT) 具有总生存期 (OS) 和无事件生存期 (EFS) 优势。我们询问了 AHSCT 后未修饰的 PBSC 移植物后再进行吗替麦考酚酯 (MMF) 维持治疗,而不是 CD34 + 选择性移植物,是否可以提供可比的 AHSCT 结局。方法将 20 例高危 SSc 患者纳入一项前瞻性单臂试验,使用环磷酰胺 200 mg/kg 和马抗胸腺细胞球蛋白 (CY200/ATG),然后进行未操纵的自体 PBSC,然后在 AHSCT 后 2 个月开始进行 MMF 维持治疗。结果AHSCT 后 5 年 OS 和 EFS 的点估计分别为 85% (95% CI,60.4%‐94.9%) 和 75% (95% CI,50%‐88.7%)。活体患者移植后的中位随访时间为 7.5 年 (范围,5.6-11.6)。8 例患者 (40%) 移植后早期需要重症监护病房治疗。2 例患者 (10%) 发生早期移植相关死亡率。5 例患者在 AHSCT 后出现 SSc 复发/进展。9 名具有抗 RNA 聚合酶 III 抗体的患者中有 4 名既往患有硬皮病肾危象,并且在研究开始时估计肾小球滤过率 (eGFR) 最低四分位数;所有 4 例患者均在移植后早期出现长期器官衰竭/死亡。结论我们观察到 SSc 患者在 AHSCT 后使用 CY200/ATG、未操纵的 PBSC 和 MMF 移植后维持的良好 OS 和 EFS,这与 CD34 + 移植物选择的试验相当。我们确定了 AHSCT 后不良结局的可能危险因素,即移植前低 eGFR。
更新日期:2024-12-03
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