Island biogeography theory provides key insights into biodiversity patterns across islands species–area relationships and conservation. However, classical island biogeography theory assumes that species are ecologically equivalent in terms of their dispersal ability. We evaluated the role of a key trait (hand‐wing index, a proxy for dispersal ability in birds) in shaping species‐area relationships of avifauna spanning 6706 species on 3894 islands. High community‐weighted mean (CWM) dispersal ability in regional species pools had widespread but context‐dependent effects on island species‐area relationships. Among island archipelagos at smaller spatial extents, high CWM dispersal ability was associated with steeper species‐area relationships. Among zoogeographical realms at larger spatial extents high CWM dispersal ability was associated with shallower species‐area relationships and higher local species richness on small islands. Our study reveals that geographic variation in species' dispersal traits has strong effects on island species‐area relationships and likely plays an important role in non‐neutral community assembly.

中文翻译：

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鸟类的传播能力塑造了全球岛屿上的物种-区域关系


岛屿生物地理学理论为岛屿之间的生物多样性模式、物种-区域关系和保护提供了重要见解。然而，经典的岛屿生物地理学理论假设物种在生态学上的扩散能力是相等的。我们评估了关键性状（手翼指数，鸟类传播能力的代表）在塑造跨越 3894 个岛屿上 6706 个物种的鸟类物种-区域关系中的作用。区域物种库中的高群落加权平均值 （CWM） 传播能力对岛屿物种与区域的关系产生了广泛但依赖于环境的影响。在较小空间范围内的岛屿群岛中，高 CWM 扩散能力与更陡峭的物种-面积关系相关。在较大空间范围内的动物地理领域中，高 CWM 扩散能力与较浅的物种-面积关系和小岛屿较高的局部物种丰富度相关。我们的研究表明，物种扩散特征的地理差异对岛屿物种与区域的关系有很大影响，并且可能在非中性群落组装中发挥重要作用。