Leveraging the entire solar spectrum in building facades is crucial to achieving zero-energy buildings concept. This study presents a novel multifunctional window (MFW) that combines photovoltaic laminates with a selective liquid filter (SLF) in a mono-glazing system. For a comprehensive assessment of the energy and daylight performance of a standard office equipped with MFW, it has been developed an innovative model integrating thermal, electrical, optical, and energy aspects, utilizing both CFD and daylighting analysis tools. The net electricity benefit (NEB) serves as a key metric to evaluate the energy performance of MFWs compared to traditional windows. Additionally, Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI), Illuminance Uniformity (Uo), and Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) are employed to predict the annual daylight performance of MFW under various Photovoltaic-to-Space Ratios (PVSR). The findings reveal that using MFWs significantly reduces office cooling energy consumption, ranging from 41 % to 73 % in south-oriented buildings compared to standard glazing. Despite increased artificial lighting consumption (ALC) with PVSR, MFWs significantly improve the NEB due to higher energy generation and reduced cooling loads. MFWs with 50 % PVSR also enhance daylight distribution uniformity and minimize potential glare, while balancing PVSR at 50 % optimizes energy generation and ensures ample illumination in office spaces. Further, the levelized cost of electricity generation (LCOEel) for the MFW ranges from $0.166 to $0.143/kWhe.

中文翻译：

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开发综合模拟，以探索热带气候下多功能窗户的节能和采光特性


在建筑立面中利用整个太阳能光谱对于实现零能耗建筑概念至关重要。本研究提出了一种新型多功能窗 （MFW），它将光伏层压板与选择性液体过滤器 （SLF） 结合在单玻璃系统中。为了全面评估配备 MFW 的标准办公室的能源和日光性能，它开发了一种创新模型，集成了热、电、光学和能源方面，利用 CFD 和日光分析工具。与传统窗户相比，净电力效益 （NEB） 是评估 MFW 能源性能的关键指标。此外，有用的日光照度 （UDI）、照度均匀性 （Uo） 和日光眩光概率 （DGP） 用于预测 MFW 在各种光伏空间比 （PVSR） 下的年日光性能。研究结果表明，与标准玻璃相比，使用 MFW 可显著降低办公室制冷能耗，南向建筑的制冷能耗从 41% 到 73% 不等。尽管 PVSR 增加了人工照明消耗 （ALC），但由于发电量更高，冷却负荷更低，MFW 显着改善了 NEB。PVSR 为 50% 的 MFW 还可以提高日光分布均匀性并最大限度地减少潜在的眩光，同时将 PVSR 平衡在 50% 可优化能源产生并确保办公空间的充足照明。此外，MFW 的平准化发电成本 （LCOEel） 从 0.166 美元到 0.143 美元/kWhe 不等。