Soil detachment plays a central role in the formulation of soil erosion models, particularly for the simulation and prediction of erosion in cold climates during the thaw period. This research attempts to elucidate the mechanisms of soil detachment on spring thaw period slopes through comprehensive flume experiments, coupled with the application of rare earth element (REE) tracer, investigating the relationships between soil detachment rates, sediment concentration and sediment transport capacity. Observations indicate a nuanced response of soil detachment rate and sediment concentration to scour duration, characterized by an initial increase, subsequent decrease and eventual equilibrium. As thaw depth increases, the primary source of eroded sediment gradually shifts from the upper slope to the mid-slope. Soil detachment rate was affected by sediment concentration, flow discharge, slope gradient, thawing depth, and slope positions. Furthermore, our analysis reveals a power function relationship (R² = 0.846) between soil detachment rate, effective shear stress, and sediment transport rate and capacity. These results provide valuable insights into the modeling and prediction of soil erosion processes on brown soil slopes subjected to spring thaw period cycles.

中文翻译：

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春季解冻期边坡土壤分离率方程的验证：从沉积物浓度和运输能力中获得见解


土壤分离在土壤侵蚀模型的制定中起着核心作用，特别是对于解冻期间寒冷气候中侵蚀的模拟和预测。本研究试图通过综合水槽试验，结合稀土元素 （REE） 示踪剂的应用，阐明春季解冻期边坡土壤分离的机制，探讨土壤分离率、沉积物浓度和沉积物运移能力之间的关系。观察表明，土壤分离率和沉积物浓度对冲刷持续时间的细微响应，其特征是最初增加，随后减少，最终达到平衡。随着融化深度的增加，侵蚀沉积物的主要来源逐渐从上坡转移到中坡。土壤分离速率受沉积物浓度、流量、坡度、融化深度和坡位的影响。此外，我们的分析揭示了土壤分离率、有效剪切应力、沉积物输送速率和容量之间的幂函数关系 （R² = 0.846）。这些结果为对受春季解冻期周期影响的棕壤边坡土壤侵蚀过程的建模和预测提供了有价值的见解。