Verbal fluency data for semantic (animals, fruit and vegetables and objects) and formal fluency (X [Chi], Σ [Sigma] Α [Alpha]) were collected from 32 L1Greek-L2English late bilingual speakers and 32 Greek monolinguals. The verbal fluency task has been used in both language attrition and bilingualism studies. Language attrition studies, which mostly employ only the semantic task, show that bilinguals perform worse than monolinguals. In bilingualism studies, which employ both the semantic and formal tasks, we find greater variance and the results are mixed (bilinguals perform similarly, better or poorly compared to monolinguals). In our study, we investigated quantitative measures (number of correct responses) and strategic processes (clustering, switching). In the quantitative measures, monolinguals outperformed bilinguals in both tasks with the difference being more pronounced in the semantic task. In clustering, both groups behaved similarly, while in switching monolinguals performed better than bilinguals. The implications of these results are discussed.

中文翻译：

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希腊语口语流利度：L1希腊语-L2英语晚期双语者和希腊语单语者的表现差异


从 32 名 L1 希腊语-L2 英语晚期双语使用者和 32 名希腊语单语者中收集了语义（动物、水果和蔬菜和物体）和形式流利度（X [Chi]、Σ [Sigma] Α [Alpha]）的口头流利度数据。语言流利度任务已用于语言损耗和双语研究。语言损耗研究大多只采用语义任务，表明双语者的表现比单语者差。在同时使用语义和形式任务的双语研究中，我们发现差异更大，结果喜忧参半（与单语者相比，双语者的表现相似、更好或更差）。在我们的研究中，我们调查了定量测量（正确回答的数量）和战略过程（聚类、转换）。在定量测量中，单语者在两项任务中都优于双语者，差异在语义任务中更为明显。在聚类中，两组的行为相似，而在转换时，单语者的表现优于双语者。讨论了这些结果的含义。