BackgroundCurrent understanding of the associations between adolescents' daily sleep and daytime alertness and fatigue under naturalistically occurring restricted (school) and unrestricted (vacation) sleep opportunities is limited.MethodsA convenience sample of adolescents (n = 205; 54.1% females, Mage ± SD = 16.9 ± 0.87 years) completed daily measures of sleep, alertness, and fatigue over 28 days (2 weeks during school, and the subsequent 2‐week vacation). Actigraphy and sleep diary total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency (SE) were measured. Participants self‐reported sleepiness and fatigue every morning and afternoon, and completed a tablet‐based, 3.2‐min psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) every afternoon. Cross‐lagged multilevel models tested daily TST and SE as predictors of next‐day subjective sleepiness/fatigue and PVT performance. Between‐ (i.e., differences between individuals) and within‐person associations (i.e., whether nights with higher‐than‐individual's‐average TST/SE, predict next‐day outcomes) were tested simultaneously. Covariates included previous‐day outcome, day of the week, study day (1–28), school/vacation, chronotype, and sociodemographic variables.ResultsWithin‐persons, higher‐than‐average TST and SE (both actigraphy and diary) predicted better next‐day PVT performance (all p ≤ .006), and lower subjective sleepiness and fatigue the following morning and afternoon (all p ≤ .032). Between‐persons, adolescents with higher overall diary SE had lower morning subjective sleepiness (p < .001) and fewer PVT false starts in the afternoon (p = 0.02).ConclusionsNights with longer‐ and higher‐than‐average sleep efficiency (both actigraphy and diary) predicted better daytime alertness and fatigue, both when examined objectively via sustained attention and via self‐report. These findings are relevant for understanding the significance of sleep for adolescents' day‐to‐day alertness levels and fatigue, particularly in the context of classroom learning and road safety.

中文翻译：

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青少年睡眠的每日波动可预测第二天的注意力、嗜睡和疲劳：一项为期 28 天的生态瞬时评估研究


背景目前对自然发生的受限（学校）和不受限制（假期）睡眠机会下青少年日常睡眠与白天警觉性和疲劳之间的关联的理解是有限的。方法青少年便利样本 （n = 205;54.1% 女性，法师± SD = 16.9 ± 0.87 岁）在 28 天内（上学期间 2 周，随后的 2 周假期）完成了睡眠、警觉性和疲劳的日常测量。测量体动记录仪和睡眠日记总睡眠时间 （TST） 和睡眠效率 （SE）。参与者每天早上和下午自我报告嗜睡和疲劳，并每天下午完成基于平板电脑的 3.2 分钟精神运动警觉任务 （PVT）。交叉滞后多水平模型测试了每日 TST 和 SE 作为第二天主观嗜睡/疲劳和 PVT 表现的预测因子。同时测试人与人之间的关联（即个体之间的差异）和人与人之间的关联（即，高于个体平均 TST/SE 的夜晚是否预测第二天的结果）。协变量包括前一天的结果、一周中的某一天、研究日 （1-28）、学校/假期、时间型和社会人口学变量。结果在人内，高于平均水平的 TST 和 SE （活动记录仪和日记） 预示着第二天 PVT 性能更好 （均 p ≤ .006），并且第二天早上和下午的主观嗜睡和疲劳较低 （均 p ≤ .032）。在人与人之间，总体日记 SE 较高的青少年早晨主观嗜睡较低 （p < .001） 和下午的 PVT 错误开始较少 （p = 0.02）。结论通过持续关注和自我报告客观检查时，睡眠效率更长和高于平均水平的夜晚 （活动记录仪和日记） 预示着更好的白天警觉性和疲劳。这些发现与理解睡眠对青少年日常警觉水平和疲劳的重要性有关，尤其是在课堂学习和道路安全的背景下。