Although numerous studies have investigated semi-mechanistic and semi-empirical modeling methods for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) engine systems, the advantages and disadvantages of these modeling methods have rarely been analyzed and summarized. As a result, it is difficult to identify the most suitable models under different conditions. Moreover, there are opportunities to further develop research on controlling the three most critical parameters of the PEMFC engine system-the oxygen excess ratio (OER), stack temperature, and humidity. Thus, a review is presented to develop systematic guidelines for semi-mechanistic and semi-empirical modeling methods and key parameter control studies related to PEMFC engine systems. This paper summarizes all the authoritative modeling methods for the air compressor used in the PEMFC engine system with output power from 60 to 175 kW, and cathode humidifier in the air supply subsystem, ejector and circulation pump in the hydrogen supply subsystem, flow fluid and voltages in the fuel cell stack subsystem, and water pump and radiator in the thermal management subsystem using scientific equations. The advantages and disadvantages of each modeling method are then discussed through numerical comparisons or authoritative opinions. Subsequently, based on the modeling methods, the development and prospects of key parameter control studies for the PEMFC engine system are proposed based on advanced research in recent years. This paper not only makes it more convenient to identify appropriate modeling methods based on different modeling demands, but also highlights development directions for key parameters control research in the future.

中文翻译：

---

基于数值对比的质子交换膜燃料电池建模方法及关键参数控制综述


尽管许多研究已经调查了质子交换膜燃料电池 （PEMFC） 发动机系统的半机械和半经验建模方法，但这些建模方法的优缺点很少被分析和总结。因此，在不同条件下很难确定最合适的模型。此外，还有机会进一步发展控制 PEMFC 发动机系统的三个最关键参数——氧过量比 （OER）、烟囱温度和湿度的研究。因此，本文对 PEMFC 发动机系统相关的半机械和半经验建模方法和关键参数控制研究制定了系统指南。本文使用科学方程式总结了输出功率为 60 至 175 kW 的 PEMFC 发动机系统中使用的空气压缩机、供气子系统中的阴极加湿器、供氢子系统中的喷射器和循环泵、燃料电池堆子系统中的流动流体和电压以及热管理子系统中的水泵和散热器的所有权威建模方法。然后通过数值比较或权威意见讨论每种建模方法的优缺点。随后，基于建模方法，在近年来深入研究的基础上，提出了质子交换膜燃料电池发动机系统关键参数控制研究的发展和展望。本文不仅更方便地根据不同的建模需求确定合适的建模方法，而且为未来关键参数控制研究提出了发展方向。