Mining activities in the iron area mining have caused serious pollution of surface water in the area, which in turn affects the normal growth and development of plants. As a restorative plant with heavy metal adsorption function, the stress response mechanism of rose to surface water in the iron-mining area remains unelucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of surface water treatment on the phenotypic, physiological and molecular levels of the plant using rose as a material. The results showed that surface water in the Bayan Obo iron mining area caused darkening and soft rotting of rose petals, increased degree of petal damage, decreased the content of MDA (Malondialdehyde), increased the ratio of GSH/GSSG (glutathione/oxidized glutathione) and NADPH/NADP+(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate/oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), suggesting that the rose produces more GSH to prevent oxidative stress. Transcriptome analysis further revealed a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the TCA (the tricarboxylic acid) cycle and the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways under surface water stress, and these DEGs can promote the production of NADPH, which in turn positively regulates the content of GSH. Multiple peroxidase-related genes (RhPRXs) also exhibited a significant stress response in this process. In summary, our research results reflect that roses under surface water stress in the iron-mining area exhibit certain defense mechanisms at both physiological and transcriptional levels, and also provide a reference for cultivating effective rose resources for repairing pollution in mining areas and evaluating excessive iron pollution as a biological indicator.

中文翻译：

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结合转录组和生理分析揭示了采铁区玫瑰花瓣对地表水的胁迫响应


铁区采矿活动对该地区的地表水造成了严重的污染，进而影响了植物的正常生长发育。玫瑰作为一种具有重金属吸附功能的修复植物，其对铁矿区地表水的胁迫响应机制仍未阐明。在这项研究中，我们以玫瑰为材料，研究了地表水处理对植物表型、生理和分子水平的影响。结果表明，巴彦鄂博铁矿区地表水导致玫瑰花瓣变黑、软腐，花瓣损伤程度增加，MDA（丙二醛）含量降低，GSH/GSSG（谷胱甘肽/氧化谷胱甘肽）和 NADPH/NADP+（烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸/氧化烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸）的比例增加，表明玫瑰产生更多的 GSH 以防止氧化应激。转录组分析进一步揭示了在地表水胁迫下，大量差异表达基因 （DEGs） 参与 TCA（三羧酸）循环和苯丙烷类生物合成途径，这些 DEGs 可以促进 NADPH 的产生，进而正向调节 GSH 的含量。多个过氧化物酶相关基因 （RhPRXs） 在此过程中也表现出显着的应激反应。综上所述，研究结果表明，铁矿区地表水胁迫下的玫瑰在生理和转录水平上都表现出一定的防御机制，也为培育有效的玫瑰资源修复矿区污染和评价铁污染过量作为生物指标提供了参考。