Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and related dementias, represent a growing concern for the worldwide population given the increased numbers of people of advanced age. Marked by significant degradation of neurological tissues and critical processes, in addition to more specific factors such as the presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in AD, robust discussion is ongoing regarding the precise mechanisms by which these diseases arise. One of the major interests in recent years has been the contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, particularly, the contribution of the ROS-generating NADPH Oxidase proteins. NADPH Oxidase 2 (NOX2), the prototypical member of the family, represents a particularly interesting target for study given its close association with vascular and inflammatory processes in all tissues, including the brain, and the association of these processes with AD development and progression. In this review, we discuss the most relevant and recent work regarding the contribution of NOX2 to AD progression in neuronal, microglial, and cerebrovascular signaling. Furthermore, we will discuss the most promising NOX2-targeted therapeutics for potential AD management and treatment.

中文翻译：

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阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病中的 NOX2


鉴于高龄人口的增加，阿尔茨海默病 （AD） 和相关痴呆症代表了全球人口日益关注的问题。其特点是神经组织和关键过程的显着退化，除了更具体的因素（例如 AD 中存在淀粉样蛋白斑块和神经原纤维缠结）外，关于这些疾病产生的确切机制的激烈讨论正在进行中。近年来的主要兴趣之一是活性氧 （ROS） 的贡献，特别是产生 ROS 的 NADPH 氧化酶蛋白的贡献。NADPH 氧化酶 2 （NOX2） 是该家族的原型成员，鉴于它与包括大脑在内的所有组织的血管和炎症过程密切相关，以及这些过程与 AD 发展和进展的关联，因此代表了一个特别有趣的研究目标。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了关于 NOX2 对神经元、小胶质细胞和脑血管信号传导中 AD 进展的影响的最相关和最新的工作。此外，我们将讨论最有前途的 NOX2 靶向疗法，用于潜在的 AD 管理和治疗。