Although many psychosocial strengths have been explored, there remains a need to identify under-appreciated strengths that help people overcome trauma. The objective of this study was to explore the resilience potential of 16 psychosocial strengths—including 4 understudied strengths (positive emotion regulation, self-reliance, relational motivation, and group connectedness)—for helping people overcome trauma. The understudied strengths were identified in previous qualitative work as salient in the southeastern communities where the study took place. The sample was comprised of 357 adults recruited from community events in Tennessee. Their average age was 37.6 years ( SD 15.6), and the sample was 65.8% female. They completed a survey with measures of 16 psychosocial strengths, polyvictimization, and a range of outcomes. Blockwise logistic regressions were conducted using subjective well-being and trauma symptoms as the outcome. Results indicated that positive emotion regulation was the best predictor of positive functioning after experiencing trauma. Polystrengths (an indicator of the breadth of a person’s resilience portfolios), a sense of purpose, and social support received were also associated with better functioning after controlling for polyvictimization, other adversities, and demographics. In multivariate analyses, religious meaning-making and relational motivation were unexpectedly associated with worse outcomes. Most studies of emotion regulation only explore the regulation of negative emotions, such as distress and anger, but the capacity to regulate positive emotions shows promise for helping people overcome trauma. The support for polystrengths, despite mixed findings for some strengths, points to the urgent need to identify the most helpful elements of resilience portfolios.

中文翻译：

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对受害和其他创伤的弹性反应：积极的情绪调节和其他未被充分研究的社会心理优势


尽管已经探索了许多社会心理优势，但仍需要确定帮助人们克服创伤的未被充分认识的优势。本研究的目的是探索 16 种社会心理优势的弹性潜力——包括 4 种未被充分研究的优势（积极的情绪调节、自力更生、关系动机和群体联系）——帮助人们克服创伤。在之前的定性工作中，研究不足的优势在进行研究的东南部社区中被确定为突出的。样本由从田纳西州社区活动中招募的 357 名成年人组成。他们的平均年龄为 37.6 岁 （ SD 15.6），样本中 65.8% 为女性。他们完成了一项调查，测量了 16 种社会心理优势、多重受害和一系列结果。使用主观幸福感和创伤症状作为结局进行块级 logistic 回归。结果表明，积极的情绪调节是经历创伤后积极功能的最佳预测因子。多元优势（一个人的复原力组合广度的指标）、目标感和获得的社会支持也与控制多重受害、其他逆境和人口统计学后的更好功能相关。在多变量分析中，宗教意义建构和关系动机出乎意料地与较差的结果相关。大多数情绪调节研究只探讨了负面情绪的调节，例如痛苦和愤怒，但调节积极情绪的能力显示出帮助人们克服创伤的希望。 尽管某些优势的研究结果喜忧参半，但对多优势的支持表明，迫切需要确定韧性投资组合中最有用的要素。