Tungsten enrichment during the formation of giant W deposits is thought to be related to magmatic and hydrothermal processes. However, the mechanisms of W enrichment and their role in controlling ore formation remain unclear. Zircon is a ubiquitous accessory mineral that can provide a record of the physicochemical conditions during mineralization. Dahutang in South China is a giant W deposit (1.89 Mt WO₃ at 0.18%) associated with the late Mesozoic granites. In this study, we report new zircon morphological, geochronological, and chemical data for the most evolved Li-mica albite granite in the Dahutang deposit, in order to determine the processes of W enrichment. We classified the zircons into three types based on their appearance and composition. Type-IA and -IB zircons (ca. 145 Ma) successively crystallized from metasedimentary-derived magmas (δ¹⁸O = 8.9 ± 0.3‰) at 786–732 °C. Type-II zircons formed by interaction between volatile-rich melts and Type-I zircons at 669 ± 39 °C. Type-III zircons formed by autometasomatism of earlier Type-I and -II zircons, which involved exsolved hydrosilicate fluids. Our numerical model shows that the granitic melts have undergone > 95% fractional crystallization and experienced metasomatism by hydrosilicate fluids, during which the rare-metals (W, Nb, and Ta) were extensively enriched. Furthermore, we compiled data for ten W deposits across South China to investigate the key factors controlling the formation of giant W deposits. The strong correlation (R² = 0.79) between WO₃ tonnage and zircon Hf content indicates that an extensive and multi-stage evolution may be the key factor controlling the formation of giant W deposits.

巨型 W 矿床形成过程中的钨富集被认为与岩浆和热液过程有关。然而，W 富集的机制及其在控制成矿中的作用仍不清楚。锆石是一种无处不在的辅助矿物，可以提供矿化过程中物理化学条件的记录。华南地区的大虎塘是一个巨大的 W 矿床（1.89 Mt WO 3,0.18%），与晚中生代花岗岩有关。在这项研究中，我们报告了大虎塘矿床中最演化的锂云母钠长石花岗岩的新锆石形态学、地质年代学和化学数据，以确定 W 富集的过程。我们根据锆石的外观和成分将锆石分为三种类型。IA 型和 IB 型锆石（约 145 马）在 786–732 °C 下从变质沉积衍生的岩浆 （δ¹⁸O = 8.9 ± 0.3‰） 中依次结晶而成。 由 669 ± 39 °C 的富含挥发物的熔体与 I 型锆石相互作用形成的 II 型锆石。 III 型锆石由早期 I 型和 II 型锆石的自交作用形成，涉及溶解的硅酸盐流体。我们的数值模型表明，花岗岩熔体经历了 > 95% 的分馏结晶，并经历了硅氢酸盐流体的交代作用，在此期间稀有金属（W、Nb 和 Ta）被广泛富集。此外，我们汇编了华南地区 10 个 W 矿床的数据，以研究控制巨型 W 矿床形成的关键因素。WO₃ 吨位与锆石 Hf 含量之间的强相关性 （R² = 0.79） 表明，广泛和多阶段的演化可能是控制巨型 W 矿床形成的关键因素。