Over the past four decades, continuous afforestation in the river valley of the Yarlung Zangbo Middle Reach has effectively migrated the land degradation and enhanced the local eco‐environment. Different orientations of north and south banks (i.e., sun‐facing and shade‐facing) generate microclimates, but the diverse growth patterns of the planted forests along different banks remain unknown. In this study, long‐term Landsat observations were introduced to investigate the microclimatic effects on the growth patterns of planted forests and their subsequent effects on the land restoration during 1988–2020. Results showed that the south bank experienced a higher afforestation‐induced greening trend than the north bank, as indicated by normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) rates of 0.0117 and 0.0081 year−1, respectively. The growth of planted forests on the north bank was more sensitive to the distance from riverway than that on the south bank, with the NDVI gradients of −0.0708 and −0.0540 km−1, highlighting a server drought stress on the north bank. Benefited from the continuous afforestation, 79% and 95% of sandy lands on the north and south banks had been restored by 2020. In summary, the microclimatic difference between banks, attributed to different solar illuminations and drought stresses, induce the diverse ecological restoration conditions. These findings offer important insights that future afforestation strategies should consider the microclimatic effect to maximize ecological benefits.

中文翻译：

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雅鲁藏布中游南北两岸植树造林驱动的差异化生态恢复


在过去的四十年里，雅鲁藏布中游河段河谷的持续造林有效地迁移了土地退化，改善了当地的生态环境。南北两岸的不同方向（即面向阳光和面向阴凉处）会产生小气候，但沿不同两岸的人工林的不同生长模式仍然未知。在这项研究中，引入了长期 Landsat 观测，以研究 1988-2020 年期间小气候对人工林生长模式的影响及其对土地恢复的后续影响。结果表明，南岸的植被造林诱导的绿化趋势高于北岸，归一化差异植被指数 （NDVI） 率分别为 0.0117 和 0.0081 year−1。北岸人工林的生长对距河道的距离比南岸更敏感，NDVI 梯度分别为 -0.0708 和 -0.0540 km-1，突出了北岸的服务员干旱压力。得益于持续的植树造林，到 2020 年，南北两岸 79% 和 95% 的沙地已恢复。综上所述，由于不同的太阳光照和干旱胁迫，两岸之间的小气候差异导致了不同的生态恢复条件。这些发现为未来的造林策略应考虑微气候效应以最大化生态效益提供了重要见解。