Soil health refers to the capacity of soil to sustain ecosystem functions and provide a favourable environment for soil organisms and plants. However, it is challenging to quantitatively determine soil health by assessing its ecosystem functions. Here, we constructed a multifunctional soil health assessment method based on five soil functions including plant productivity (PP), water regulation (WR), nutrient cycling (NC), carbon storage (CS), and biodiversity preservation (BP), with soil acidification rate and soil erodibility factor as restrictive indicators. The entropy weight coefficient method was used to calculate the indicator weights, and the minimum data set (MDS) was established using random forest modelling. The impact of organic manure treatments on the five soil functions and the soil health index (SHI) was calculated using a long‐term fertilization experiment. Our results showed that manure application significantly promoted the five soil functions and SHI, and the SHI was significantly positively correlated with soil fertility index (SFI) and soil quality index (SQI). Random forest modelling showed that the five soil functions contributed similar proportions to the variation in SHI. SHI based on the total data set and minimum data set was positively associated with maize characteristics, including root weight, shoot weight, and grain yield. In conclusion, the multifunctional soil health assessment method is crucial for elucidating the relationships of management practices with soil health and crop yield, enabling the achievement of healthy management and sustainable development for ferric acrisol farmland.

中文翻译：

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阿克里索铁长期施肥的多功能土壤健康评价


土壤健康是指土壤维持生态系统功能并为土壤生物和植物提供有利环境的能力。然而，通过评估土壤的生态系统功能来定量确定土壤健康状况是具有挑战性的。本文以土壤酸化速率和土壤可蚀性因子为约束指标，基于植物生产力 （PP）、水分调节 （WR）、养分循环 （NC）、碳储存 （CS） 和生物多样性保护 （BP） 5 种土壤功能构建了多功能土壤健康评价方法。采用熵权重系数法计算指标权重，使用随机森林建模建立最小数据集 （MDS）。使用长期施肥实验计算有机肥处理对土壤 5 种功能和土壤健康指数 （SHI） 的影响。结果表明，施用粪肥显著促进了土壤 5 项功能和土壤肥力指数，且土壤肥力指数与土壤肥力指数 （SFI） 和土壤质量指数 （SQI） 呈显著正相关。随机森林模型显示，5 个土壤函数对 SHI 变化的贡献比例相似。基于总数据集和最小数据集的 SHI 与玉米特性呈正相关，包括根重、芽重和籽粒产量。综上所述，多功能土壤健康评价方法对于阐明管理措施与土壤健康和作物产量的关系至关重要，有助于实现白槐铁农田的健康管理和可持续发展。