Ferroelectric ceramics generally develop macroscopic piezoelectric effects only after undergoing suitable electric field treatment, referred to as poling. In this study, we examine the influence of various poling conditions, including both direct current (DC) and alternative current (AC) electric fields, as well as temperature, on the piezoelectric properties of [001]-textured PMN-PZT ceramics. The results show that the piezoelectric properties under alternative current poling (ACP) condition include d₃₃ = 1330 pC/N, ɛ_r = 3280, and k₃₁ = 0.646. ACP shows a 9% increase in d₃₃ compared to direct current poling (DCP). Increasing the temperature during DCP can raise d₃₃ to 1350 pC/N and k₃₁ to 0.66, with a high T_R−T of 121°C. Due to the influence of grain boundaries, there is a significant difference between [001] textured ceramics and single crystals, as the domain structure switching and growth are constrained by orientation differences between grains. Phase-field simulations further reveal that the growth of domains is impeded by grain boundaries in polycrystals, which hinders the formation of larger-size domains. The results suggest that ACP may be more effective in larger grains in textured ceramics.

中文翻译：

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纹理 PMN-PZT 陶瓷中压电的电场控制


铁电陶瓷通常只有在经过适当的电场处理（称为极化）后才会产生宏观压电效应。在这项研究中，我们研究了各种极化条件，包括直流电 （DC） 和交流电 （AC） 电场以及温度，对 [001] 纹理 PMN-PZT 陶瓷的压电性能的影响。结果表明，在交流极化 （ACP） 条件下的压电特性包括 d₃₃ = 1330 pC/N、ɛ_r = 3280 和 k₃₁ = 0.646。与直流极化 （DCP） 相比，ACP 显示 d₃₃ 增加 9%。在 DCP 过程中提高温度可以将 d 提高到 1350 pC/N，将 k₃₁ 提高到 0.66，T _R-T 高达 121°C。 由于晶界的影响，[001] 织构陶瓷和单晶之间存在显着差异，因为畴结构的切换和生长受到晶粒之间取向差异的限制。相场模拟进一步揭示了多晶中晶界阻碍了畴的生长，这阻碍了更大尺寸畴的形成。结果表明，ACP 可能对纹理陶瓷中的较大颗粒更有效。