Microplastics (MPs) possess unique adsorptive properties that render their surfaces prone to absorbing other contaminants. When interacting with these emerging contaminants, MPs may have unpredictable negative impacts on fish. Prior studies have primarily concentrated on the impact of single contaminants, while investigations into combined pollution have not received adequate attention. Therefore, research on combined pollution holds greater practical significance. The physiological indicators of fish affected by emerging contaminants and the mechanisms behind these effects are not yet fully clear. To address this issue, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of combined pollution of MPs-containing emerging contaminants on various aspects of fish health, encompassing behavior, consumption, development, and reproduction, along with the assessment of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity of fish. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that combined pollution adversely impacted fish reproduction, development, oxidative stress, and neurotoxicity. Importantly, significant differences were observed between fish species regarding their susceptibility to function and oxidative stress. Further investigation into the mechanisms of the impact of combined pollution on fish revealed that the magnitude of this impact is closely associated with the characteristics of the MPs themselves. MPs with higher adsorption capacities tend to lead to more severe consequences, while the impact of MPs with lower adsorption capacities relies more on their toxicity. Nevertheless, a close correlation between the duration of exposure to combined pollution and the level of oxidative stress in fish was not identified. Through a systematic analysis of existing studies, this review not only explored the cumulative effects of combined pollution on fish but also highlighted the intricate nature of such pollution within aquatic ecosystems. It contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the subject and emphasizes the need for further research to unravel the complexities associated with the combined impact of MPs-containing emerging contaminants on aquatic life.

中文翻译：

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揭示微塑料和新兴污染物对鱼类的综合影响：综述和荟萃分析


微塑料 （MP） 具有独特的吸附特性，使其表面容易吸收其他污染物。当与这些新出现的污染物相互作用时，MP 可能会对鱼类产生不可预测的负面影响。以前的研究主要集中在单一污染物的影响上，而对混合污染的调查没有得到足够的重视。因此，对联合污染的研究具有更大的现实意义。受新出现的污染物影响的鱼类的生理指标以及这些影响背后的机制尚不完全清楚。为了解决这个问题，进行了一项荟萃分析，以评估含有 MPS 的新兴污染物的综合污染对鱼类健康各个方面的影响，包括行为、消费、发育和繁殖，以及对鱼类氧化应激和神经毒性的评估。荟萃分析的结果表明，综合污染对鱼类的繁殖、发育、氧化应激和神经毒性产生了不利影响。重要的是，在鱼类物种之间观察到对功能和氧化应激的敏感性存在显着差异。对综合污染对鱼类影响机制的进一步调查表明，这种影响的大小与 MP 本身的特征密切相关。吸附能力较高的 MP 往往会导致更严重的后果，而吸附能力较低的 MP 的影响更多地取决于其毒性。然而，尚未确定暴露于混合污染的持续时间与鱼类氧化应激水平之间的密切相关性。 通过对现有研究的系统分析，本综述不仅探讨了综合污染对鱼类的累积影响，还强调了水生生态系统中此类污染的复杂性。它有助于该主题的知识体系不断增长，并强调需要进一步研究以揭示与含 MP 的新兴污染物对水生生物的综合影响相关的复杂性。