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Interleukin-2-secreting T helper cells promote extra-follicular B cell maturation via intrinsic regulation of a B cell mTOR-AKT-Blimp-1 axis
Immunity ( IF 25.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-11-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.11.006
Caterina E. Faliti, Maria Mesina, Jinyong Choi, Simon Bélanger, Monique A. Marshall, Christopher M. Tipton, Sakeenah Hicks, Prashanti Chappa, Maria A. Cardenas, Mohamed Abdel-Hakeem, Theresa C. Thinnes, Christopher Cottrell, Christopher D. Scharer, William R. Schief, David Nemazee, Matthew C. Woodruff, John M. Lindner, Ignacio Sanz, Shane Crotty

During antigen-driven responses, B cells can differentiate at extra-follicular (EF) sites or initiate germinal centers (GCs) in processes that involve interactions with T cells. Here, we examined the roles of interleukin (IL)-2 secreted by T helper (Th) cells during cognate interactions with activated B cells. IL-2 boosted the expansion of EF plasma cells and the secretion of low-mutated immunoglobulin G (IgG). Conversely, genetically disrupting IL-2 expression by CD4+ T cells, or IL-2 receptor (CD25) expression by B cells, promoted B cell entry into the GC and high-affinity antibody secretion. Mechanistically, IL-2 induced early mTOR activity, expression of the transcriptional regulator IRF4, and metabolic changes in B cells required to form Blimp-1-expressing plasma cells. Thus, T cell help via IL-2 regulates an mTOR-AKT-Blimp-1 axis in activated B cells, providing insight into the mechanisms that determine EF versus GC fates and positioning IL-2 as an early switch controlling plasma cell versus GC B cell commitment.

中文翻译:


分泌白细胞介素 2 的 T 辅助细胞通过内在调节 B 细胞 mTOR-AKT-Blimp-1 轴促进滤泡外 B 细胞成熟



在抗原驱动的反应期间,B 细胞可以在滤泡外 (EF) 部位分化或在涉及与 T 细胞相互作用的过程中启动生发中心 (GC)。在这里,我们研究了辅助性 T 细胞 (Th) 细胞分泌的白细胞介素 (IL)-2 在与活化的 B 细胞的同源相互作用中的作用。IL-2 促进 EF 浆细胞的扩增和低突变免疫球蛋白 G (IgG) 的分泌。相反,基因破坏 CD4+ T 细胞对 IL-2 的表达,或 B 细胞对 IL-2 受体 (CD25) 的表达,促进 B 细胞进入 GC 和高亲和力抗体分泌。从机制上讲,IL-2 诱导早期 mTOR 活性、转录调节因子 IRF4 的表达以及形成表达 Blimp-1 的浆细胞所需的 B 细胞的代谢变化。因此,通过 IL-2 的 T 细胞帮助调节活化 B 细胞中的 mTOR-AKT-Blimp-1 轴,从而深入了解决定 EF 与 GC 命运的机制,并将 IL-2 定位为控制浆细胞与 GC B 细胞定型的早期开关。
更新日期:2024-11-28
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