This review explores the potential impact of microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter (MP-DOM) on biogeochemical processes associated with global carbon and nitrogen cycles, with consideration given to the possible influence of irregular climate changes. We synthesize literature on MP-DOM leaching behaviors during various natural aging processes, such as heavy rainfall, heat waves, and UV irradiation, which may be intensified by climate change. MP-DOM release varies with plastic type and conditions, with organic additives significantly influencing leaching under UV exposure. Increased turbulence from hydrological events and rising temperatures also enhances MP-DOM release. While most research has focused on specific additive releases, the broader effects of polymer degradation and subsequent impacts on microbial communities and biogeochemical cycles are only recently recognized. These disruptions may affect cellular processes in algae and plant roots, enhance microbial utilization of dissolved organic carbon, and potentially increase greenhouse gas production. Our review highlights overlooked roles of MP-DOM exacerbated by climatic stressors and calls for further research to understand its broader biogeochemical impacts. We also emphasize the importance of distinguishing between polymers and commercial plastics when assessing MP-DOM's effects on biogeochemical processes associated with carbon and nitrogen cycles and recommend investigating additional aging processes influencing MP-DOM release.

中文翻译：

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气候压力源对微塑料中溶解有机物浸出的影响及其对生物地球化学过程的影响：综述


本文探讨了微塑料衍生的溶解有机物 （MP-DOM） 对与全球碳和氮循环相关的生物地球化学过程的潜在影响，同时考虑了不规则气候变化的可能影响。我们综合了有关各种自然衰老过程中 MP-DOM 浸出行为的文献，例如强降雨、热浪和紫外线照射，这些过程可能会因气候变化而加剧。MP-DOM 释放量因塑料类型和条件而异，有机添加剂会显著影响紫外线照射下的浸出。水文事件和温度升高引起的湍流增加也增强了 MP-DOM 的释放。虽然大多数研究都集中在特定的添加剂释放上，但聚合物降解的更广泛影响以及随后对微生物群落和生物地球化学循环的影响直到最近才得到认识。这些破坏可能会影响藻类和植物根系的细胞过程，增强微生物对溶解有机碳的利用，并可能增加温室气体的产生。我们的综述强调了 MP-DOM 被忽视的作用，这些作用因气候压力源而加剧，并呼吁进一步研究以了解其更广泛的生物地球化学影响。我们还强调了在评估 MP-DOM 对与碳和氮循环相关的生物地球化学过程的影响时区分聚合物和商用塑料的重要性，并建议研究影响 MP-DOM 释放的其他老化过程。