Drawing on a unique data set of almost 12,000 faculty members from 52 globally ranked universities in four fields (sociology, biology, history, and engineering), this study describes and explains gender differences in tenure among faculty across 13 countries. In our sample, women comprise roughly one-third of all faculty and only 23 percent of tenured faculty, with significant variation across fields and countries. Findings from a series of multilevel regression analyses suggest support for a gender filter argument: women are less likely to be tenured overall and in every field. Opportunities for tenure also matter. In countries with very low- and high-tenure rates, women are much less likely to be tenured relative to men than in countries with pathways both into and upward in academia.

中文翻译：

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全球一流大学的教师任期机会：性别、领域和任期状态的跨国差异


本研究利用来自全球 52 所排名大学四个领域（社会学、生物学、历史和工程学）的近 12,000 名教职员工的独特数据集，描述并解释了 13 个国家/地区教师在任期方面的性别差异。在我们的样本中，女性约占所有教师的三分之一，仅占终身教职教师的 23%，不同领域和国家之间存在显著差异。一系列多层次回归分析的结果表明，支持性别过滤论点：女性总体上和每个领域都不太可能获得终身教职。获得终身教职的机会也很重要。在任期率非常低和高任期的国家，与在学术界有晋升途径的国家相比，女性获得终身教职的可能性要比男性低得多。