Glutathione (GSH), as one of the most important biological mercaptans, is involved in a variety of biological processes and is considered an important biomarker in early diagnosis, treatment and disease stage monitoring. Rapid and accurate detection of GSH in complex biological systems is of great significance for pathological analysis. Fluorescence imaging technology is widely used because of its advantages of high sensitivity, high resolution and non-destructiveness. In this paper, the latest research progress on GSH-responsive organic small molecule fluorescence probes in the last five years is summarized, and their response mechanisms are classified and discussed. In addition, the probe design strategy, sensing mechanism and biological application are discussed in this review. Finally, the challenges and future research directions of developing new GSH probes are presented.

中文翻译：

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基于有机小分子的谷胱甘肽荧光探针及其生物成像研究进展


谷胱甘肽 （GSH） 作为最重要的生物硫醇之一，参与多种生物过程，被认为是早期诊断、治疗和疾病分期监测中的重要生物标志物。快速、准确地检测复杂生物系统中 GSH 对病理分析具有重要意义。荧光成像技术因其高灵敏度、高分辨率和非破坏性等优点而得到广泛应用。本文总结了近 5 年来 GSH 响应有机小分子荧光探针的最新研究进展，并对其响应机制进行了分类和讨论。此外，本文还讨论了探针设计策略、传感机制和生物学应用。最后，提出了开发新型 GSH 探针的挑战和未来的研究方向。