The coexistence between offshore wind and fisheries has raised questions about potential impacts on species that are fished. We systematically evaluated the offshore wind farm (OWF) literature for evidence of effects leading to impacts on commercial fisheries species. First, we collated evidence of environmental effects of OWFs on fisheries species and then determined whether these could be interpreted as impacts using fishery‐scale and organism‐scale parameters for pelagic finfish, demersal and reef‐associated roundfish, demersal flatfish, elasmobranchs and shellfish. We appraised consistency and level of agreement of direct evidence and explored the body of indirect evidence. A total of 1268 documents featured evidence of OWF effects on fisheries species, with only 60 documents (274 species records) providing direct evidence. Evidence on finfish far outweighed that for shellfish. Demersal and reef‐associated roundfish were the best‐studied group, while elasmobranchs were poorly evidenced. Most studies considered population rather than stock parameters. There was limited evidence of impacts, owing to inconclusive results and inconsistent effects within the parameters assessed—illustrating the importance of looking across the evidence base rather than focussing on individual studies. Hence, there is currently insufficient direct evidence to confidently determine OWF impacts on fisheries species. Overwhelmingly, the evidence deals with indirect effects, although these should not be disregarded as they can highlight plausible impacts on fisheries species, which could guide research and monitoring targeted at understanding the impacts of OWF—a pressing concern given the increased policy commitment of many nations to these two marine sectors sharing marine space.

中文翻译：

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确定海上风能开发对商业渔业物种的影响（或是否影响）的证据基础有限


海上风能和渔业之间的共存引发了人们对捕捞物种潜在影响的质疑。我们系统地评估了海上风电场 （OWF） 文献，以寻找导致对商业渔业物种影响的影响的证据。首先，我们整理了 OWF 对渔业物种的环境影响的证据，然后确定这些是否可以使用渔业规模和生物规模参数解释为对远洋有鳍鱼类、底层和珊瑚礁相关圆鱼、底层比目鱼、软鳃类和贝类的影响。我们评估了直接证据的一致性和一致性水平，并探索了间接证据的主体。共有 1268 份文件提供了 OWF 对渔业物种影响的证据，只有 60 份文件（274 条物种记录）提供了直接证据。关于有鳍鱼的证据远远超过贝类的证据。底栖和珊瑚礁相关的圆鱼是研究最多的组，而软鳃类的证据很少。大多数研究考虑的是种群参数而不是种群参数。由于结果不确定和评估参数内的影响不一致，影响的证据有限——这说明了查看证据基础而不是关注单个研究的重要性。因此，目前没有足够的直接证据来自信地确定 OWF 对渔业物种的影响。绝大多数证据涉及间接影响，尽管这些影响不应被忽视，因为它们可以突出对渔业物种的合理影响，这可以指导旨在了解 OWF 影响的研究和监测——鉴于许多国家对这两个共享海洋空间的海洋部门的政策承诺增加，这是一个紧迫的问题。