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Preclinical protein signatures of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis: A nested case-control study within large population-based cohorts
Gastroenterology ( IF 25.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-11-26 , DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.11.006
Olle Grännö, Daniel Bergemalm, Benita Salomon, Carl Mårten Lindqvist, Charlotte R.H. Hedin, Marie Carlson, Katharina Dannenberg, Erik Andersson, Åsa V. Keita, Maria K. Magnusson, Carl Eriksson, Vivekananda Lanka

Background and aims

Biomarkers are needed to identify individuals at elevated risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aims to identify protein signatures predictive of IBD.

Methods

Using large population-based cohorts (n≥180,000), blood samples were obtained from individuals who later in life were diagnosed with IBD and compared to age and sex-matched controls, free from IBD during follow-up. 178 proteins were measured on Olink platforms. We used machine learning methods to identify protein signatures of preclinical disease in the discovery cohort (n=312). Their performance was validated in an external preclinical cohort (n=222) and assessed in an inception cohort (n=144) and a preclinical twin cohort (n=102).

Results

In the discovery cohort, a signature of 29 proteins differentiated preclinical Crohn’s disease (CD) cases from controls, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85. Its performance was confirmed in the preclinical validation (AUC=0.87) and the inception cohort (AUC=1.0). In preclinical samples, downregulated (but not upregulated) proteins related to gut barrier integrity and macrophage functionality correlated with time to diagnosis of CD. The preclinical ulcerative colitis (UC) signature had a significant, albeit lower, predictive ability in the discovery (AUC=0.77), validation (AUC=0.67), and inception cohorts (AUC=0.95).The preclinical signature for CD demonstrated an AUC of 0.89 when comparing twins with preclinical CD to matched external healthy twins, but its predictive ability was lower (AUC=0.58; P=.04) when comparing them with their healthy twin siblings, i.e., when accounting for genetic and shared environmental factors.

Conclusion

We identified protein signatures for predicting a future diagnosis of CD and UC, validated across independent cohorts. In the context of CD, the signature offers potential for early prediction.


中文翻译:


克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎的临床前蛋白质特征:一项基于大型人群的队列中的嵌套病例对照研究


 背景和目标


需要生物标志物来识别炎症性肠病 (IBD) 风险较高的个体。本研究旨在确定预测 IBD 的蛋白质特征。

 方法


使用基于人群的大型队列 (n≥180,000),从晚年被诊断患有 IBD 的个体那里获得血样,并与年龄和性别匹配的对照进行比较,在随访期间没有 IBD。在 Olink 平台上测量了 178 个蛋白质。我们使用机器学习方法来识别发现队列中临床前疾病的蛋白质特征 (n=312)。他们的性能在外部临床前队列 (n=222) 中得到验证,并在初始队列 (n=144) 和临床前双胞胎队列 (n=102) 中进行评估。

 结果


在发现队列中,29 种蛋白质的特征将临床前克罗恩病 (CD) 病例与对照组区分开来,曲线下面积 (AUC) 为 0.85。其性能在临床前验证 (AUC=0.87) 和初始队列 (AUC=1.0) 中得到证实。在临床前样本中,与肠道屏障完整性和巨噬细胞功能相关的下调(但未上调)蛋白与 CD 诊断时间相关。临床前溃疡性结肠炎 (UC) 特征在发现 (AUC=0.77)、验证 (AUC=0.67) 和初始队列 (AUC=0.95) 中具有显著的预测能力,尽管较低。当将临床前 CD 双胞胎与匹配的外部健康双胞胎进行比较时,CD 的临床前特征显示 AUC 为 0.89,但其预测能力较低 (AUC=0.58;P=.04) 当他们与健康的双胞胎兄弟姐妹进行比较时,即在考虑遗传和共享环境因素时。

 结论


我们确定了用于预测未来 CD 和 UC 诊断的蛋白质特征,并在独立队列中进行了验证。在 CD 的上下文中,签名提供了早期预测的潜力。
更新日期:2024-11-26
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